MULTILINGUAL MULTISCRIPT PLANT NAME DATABASE

Sorting Ficus names


Species on this page ( A = names approved by most authorities, s = approved as synonyms) :
Ficus abutilifolia (Miq.) Miq.

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus picta T. R. Sim, Ficus soldanella Warb., Urostigma abutilifolium Miq.

AFRIKAANS :  Grootblaarrotsvy, Klipvy.

ENGLISH :  Large-leaved rock fig, Rock-splitting  fig tree.

FRENCH :  Figuier de roche.

GERMAN :   Großblättrige Felsenfeige.

HAUSA :  Yandi (Nigeria).

SPANISH :  Higuera de roca.

ZULU :  Impayi, Inkokhokho, Umbambematsheni.


Ficus afzelii G.Don ex Loud.

SYNONYM(S) : Ficus eriobotryoides Kunth & Bouché, Ficus saussureana DC.

SPANISH : Nonko.


Ficus altissima Blume

BURMESE :  Nyaung peinne.

CHINESE :  高山榕  Gao shan rong.

ENGLISH :  False banyan,  Lofty fig.

GERMAN :   Hohe Feige, Loftyfeige.

KANNADA :   Goli.

SANSKRIT :   Corakapatra, Nandivrksha.

SPANISH : Falso banyan.

TAMIL :   கல்லத்தி     Kallatti, Nooga, Uromavirukam, Uromavirukamaram.

THAI :  กร่าง  Krang,    ไทรกร่าง  Sai krang.
Ficus americana Aubl.

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus eugeniaefolia (Liebm.) Hemsl. , Ficus georgii Standl. & L.O.Williams , Ficus jacquinifolia A.Rich. , Ficus oerstediana (Miq.) Miq. , Ficus omphalophora Warb. , Ficus pallida Griseb. non Vahl. , Ficus perforata L. , Ficus pertusa Griseb. non L.f. , Ficus sintenisii Warb. , Ficus wilsonii Warb., Urostigma eugeniaefolium Liebm., Urostigma oerstedianum Miq., Urostigma pertusum Miq.

ENGLISH :  Central American banyan, Jamaica fig,  Jamaica cherry fig (Bahamas, Jamaica), Fig (Belize), Fine tea fig, Red fidjié, Small fig (Belize), Small leaf fig (Bahamas), West Indian laurel fig, White fig.

FRENCH :  Aralie petite cerise,  Arali ti siriz (Martinique),  Figuier canelle (Haiti), Figuier petites feuilles, Figyé ti fèy  (Martinique).

SPANISH : Higo prieto (Dominican Republic); Higuillo (Dominican Republic, Honduras); Higuillo prieto, Jagüey, Jagüey colorado, Jagüey prieto (Puerto Rico), Jagüeycillo (Cuba),  Matapalo (Belize, Guatemala).
Ficus arnottiana (Miq.) Miq.

SYNONYM(S) : Urostigma arnottianum Miq.

ENGLISH :  Crow fig (Ceylon).

HINDI : Paras pipal, Paraspipal.

KANNADA :  Bettadarali, Bettadarali mara, Bhodhidruva,  Kaadaarasa mara, Kaadu ashwatha,  Kaaduashwattha,  Kadarase, Kadarasu, Kadasvattha,  Kallaaswattha,  Kallarase, Plaksha mara.

MALAYALAM :   Amakanniyam, Kallal, Kallarayal.

SANSKRIT :   Kapitanah, Lapitanah, Nandi, Nandyavartah, Parisah, Plaksa, Plaksah, Plaksha.

SINHALESE :  Kaputu bo, Patan bo.

TAMIL :  Kagoli, Kallaraci, Kallarasu, Ka arasu, Kagoli, Kodi arasu, Kodiyarasu,  Kolikkal, Kontakai, Kontakaiyaracumaram, கொடியரசு  Kotiyaracu, Tanavan, Tanavanmaram, Tevavaracu.

TELUGU :  Kallaravi, Konda ravi.

Indian rock fig, rock pipal, waved-leaved fig tree, wild pipal • Gujarati: ખડક પાયર khadak payar • Hindi: bassari, palhi, पारस पिपल paras pipal, pilkhan, पिंपली pimpli • Kannada: ಕಲ್ಲ ಅಶ್ವತ್ಥ kalla ashvattha • Malayalam: കല്ലരയാല്‍ kallarayal • Marathi: पायर payar, कडक पाईर kadak payer, पिपळी pipli • Sanskrit: परीस parisah, प्लावक plavaka, प्लवंग plavanga • Tamil: கொடியரசு kotiyarasu • Telugu: కల్లరావి kallaravi, కొండ రావి konda ravi
Ficus aspera G. Forst.

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus parcellii Veitch ex Cogn. & Marchal

SPANISH : Higuera abigarrada.


Ficus asperifolia Miq.

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus stortophylla Warb., Ficus urceolaris Hiern

ENGLISH :  Sandpaper-leaved fig, Western Tanzanian fig.

UNIDENTIFIED :  Lusieno ndogo (Tanzania).

Ficus aurantiaca Griff.

SYNONYM(S) : Ficus aurantiaca Griff. var. parvifolia Corner, Ficus callicarpa Miq.,  Ficus kallicarpa Miq.,  Ficus megacarpa Merr.

CHINESE :  橙黄榕    Cheng huang rong.


Ficus aurea Nutt.

ENGLISH :  Florida strangler fig, Golden fig, Strangler fig.

SPANISH : Higuera dorada.

Ficus auriculata Lour.

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus roxburghii Wall. ex Miq.,  Ficus macrophylla Roxb., Ficus regia Miq.

BENGALI :  Demur, Doomoor.

BURMESE :  Lagum, Na gum, Sin thapan (as F. regia), Taba, Thu hpak lu sang.

CHINESE :  大 果榕    Da guo rong.

ENGLISH :  Eve's apron, Roxburgh fig.

HINDI :   Gular, Timbal, Timal, Timla, Tirmal, Tremal, Trimmal.

JAPANESE :   オオバイチジク  Oobai chijiku.

MARATHI :  Deshi anjir.

NEPALESE :  Karrekan,    Nimaaro,    Timiilo.

PORTUGUESE : Figueira da India (Brazil).

PUNJABI :  Daduri, Timal, Trimbal, Trimal.

SPANISH :  Higuera de Roxburgh, Higuera del Himalaya.

VIETNAMESE :  Cây vả, Vả.


Ficus benghalensis L.

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus indica L.

ARABIC :      فيكس بنفالي  ,   تين بنغالي      .
.

BENGALI :    Bar, Bat, Bath, Bot.

BURMESE :   Pyi nyaung, Pyin vaung.

CHINESE :   孟加拉榕    Meng jia la rong.

DANISH :   Indisk figen.

ENGLISH :   Banyan fig, Banyan tree, East Indian fig tree, Indian banyan, Weeping Chinese banyan.

FRENCH :  Banian, Figuier d'Inde, Figuier des pagodes.

GERMAN :   Banyanbaum, Bengalischer Feigenbaum.

GUJARATI : Vad, Vadlo.

HEBREW :  פיקוס בנגלי  .

HINDI :  बड़   Bad, Bargad, Bargat, Barh, बर  Bar, Bat, बट   Bata, भाण्डीर   Bhaandiir,  वट  Vata.

JAPANESE :   ベンガルボダイジュ   Bengaru bodaiju.

KANNADA :  Ala, Alada, Alada mara, Aalada mara, Goli, Nyagrodha, Vata.

MALAY :   Ara (Indonesia), Pokok ara .

MALAYALAM :   Ala, Peraal, Peral (Kerala), Vatam, Vatavarksam.

MARATHI :   Marri, Peddamarri,   Vad (Vadd, Vada), Wad.

 NEPALESE :     Bar.

ORIYA :  Baragachha.

PUNJABI :  Bar.

SANSKRIT :   Akshaya vruksham, Avaroha,  Bahupada, Bat, Bhringi, Jatalo, Nyagrodha, Nyagrodhah, Vat,    Vata, Vatah.

SERBIAN :  Indijska smokva.

SINHALESE :  Maha nuga.

SPANISH :  Baniano, Higuera de Bengala.

TAMIL :   Aal, ஆல்  Al,  ஆலம்  Alam,  Aalam vizhudhu, ஆலமரம்  Alamaram, Peral.

TELUGU :   Mari peddamari, Marri, Peddamarri, Vata vrikshamu.

THAI :  กร่าง  Krang,   นิโครธ  Ni khrot.

VIETNAMESE :  Cây đa, Cây sanh, Cây dong, Ða lá tròn.

banyan tree • Bengali: বট bata • Gujarati: વડ vad • Hindi: बढ़ barh, बट bat, भाण्डीर bhandir, न्यगरोध nyagarodh, वट vat • Konkani: गोळी रूकु goli rooku, वडा रूकु vada rooku • Kannada: ಆಲದಮರ aaladamara, ಬಸರಿಮರ basarimara, ಗೋಳಿಮರ golimara, ಗೋಣಿಮರ gonimara, ವಟವ್ಱುಕ್ಷ vatavruksha • Malayalam: പേരാത് peeraath, പേരാല് peraal • Manipuri: khongnang taru • Marathi: हजारीपान hajaripaan (the leaf) , न्यग्रोध nyagrodh, वड vad, वडांगळें vadangale (the figs) , वट वृक्ष vat vruksh • Sanskrit: न्यग्रोध nyagrodh, वट vata • Tamil: ஆலை alai, ஆலமரம் alamaram • Telugu: మర్రి చెట్టు marri chettu • Urdu: بر bar, بٿ bat.
Ficus benghalensis L. var. benghalensis

CHINESE  :   孟加拉榕   (Taiwan).
Ficus benghalensis L. var. krishnae (C. DC.) Corner

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus benghalensis Bailey & Bailey  'Krishnae',  Ficus krishnae C. DC. 

BENGALI :  কৃষ্ণবট  Krishnabat.

CHINESE :    囊葉榕   (Taiwan).

ENGLISH :  Krishna bor, Krishna's fig, Krishna's butter cup, Krishna's-cup, Sacred fig tree.

HINDI :  कृष्ण बढ़  Krishna badh,   माखन कटोरी  Makhan Katori.

MANIPURI :  ক্ৰিশ্না খোঙনাঙ Krishna khongnang.

MARATHI :  कृष्णवड Krishnavad.

SINHALESE :   Awaiting feedback.

SPANISH :  Arbol sagrado de la India, Higuera religiosa de la India, Higuera sagrada de los budistas.

Krishna's butter cup, Krishna fig • Bengali: কৃষ্ণবট Krishnabat • Hindi: कृष्ण बढ़ Krishna badh, माखन कटोरी makhan katori • Manipuri: ক্ৰিশ্না খোঙনাঙ Krishna khongnang • Marathi: कृष्णवड Krishnavad
and in, Chinese (Taiwan): 囊葉榕


Ficus benjamina L.

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus benyamina L., Ficus nitida auct.,  Ficus retusa auct.

ARABIC :    تين بنيامين  ,   فيكس بنجامينا   .

BURMESE : Kyet kadut, Nyaung lun, Nyaung thabye.

CHINESE :   白 榕    Bai rong,  垂叶榕   Chui ye rong.

DANISH :   Birkefigen.

DUTCH :  Wariengien (Dutch Indies).

ENGLISH :  Benjamin tree,  Golden fig, Java fig,  Java fig tree , Tropic-laurel,  Weeping Chinese banyan, Weeping fig,  Weeping-laurel.

GERMAN :   Benjamin-Gummibaum, Birkenfeige.

HEBREW :  פיקוס השדרות  .

JAPANESE :   シダレガジュマル  Shidare gajumaru.

MALAY :  Beringin (Indonesia),  Mendera, Waringin (Java, Sumatra).

NEPALESE :   Conkar,   Samii, Svaamii.

RUSSIAN :   Фикус  Бенджамина.

SANSKRIT :  Mandara.

SERBIAN :  Fikus benjamina, Bendžamin.

SPANISH :  Árbol benjamín, Benjamina, Ficus benyamina, Matapalo.

SUNDANESE :  Caringin.

TAMIL :   வெள்ளால்   Vellal .

THAI :  ไทรย้อย  Sai yoi,    ไทร ย้อยใบแหลม   Sai yoi bai laem.

VIETNAMESE :  Cây sanh, Sanh.
Ficus benjamina L. var. benjamina

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus nitida Thunb., Ficus waringiana auct.
BURMESE :  Nyaung ok (as F. nitida Thunb.).

CHINESE :    垂叶榕      Chui ye rong,   丛 毛垂叶榕   Cong mao chui ye rong.

MALAY :  Beringin (Indonesia),  Waringin (Java, Sumatra).

SPANISH :  Laurel de Indias (as F. nitida).

Ficus benjamina L. var. comosa (Roxb.) Kurz

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus benjamina L.  var. comosa King, Ficus comosa Kurz.

BURMESE :   Gatzi, Kyet-kadut, Nyaung-thabye.

CHINESE :    黃果垂榕  Huang guo chui rong (Taiwan).


Ficus benjamina L. var. nuda (Miq.) M. F. Barrett

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus comosa Roxb. ,  Ficus nuda (Miq.) Miq. ,  Urostigma nudum Miq.
CHINESE :   丛毛垂叶榕    Cong mao chui ye rong.


Ficus callosa L.

CHINESE :  硬皮榕    Ying pi rong .

KANNADA :  Thagadu golimara, Thaudugoli.

MALAYALAM :  Kadaplavu.

TAMIL :  Koli aal, Kolial, Koliyal.

THAI :   ฆ้อง Khong .

VIETNAMESE :   Gừa.

Ficus cardiophylla Merrill

 SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus bonii Gagnepain.

CHINESE :   龙州榕   Long zhou rong.




Ficus carica L.

 SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus communis Lam.,  Ficus sativa Poit. & Torpin

ARABIC :   فيكس برشومي  ,   Teen barchomi     تين شائع  .

BURMESE :   Thaphan, Thinbaw thapan (thing:bau: tha.hpan:).

CHINESE :   无花果  Wu hua guo,   無花果    Wu hua guo.

CROATIAN :  Smokva, Smokvenica, Smokvina.

DANISH :   Almindelig figen.

DUTCH :  Gewone vijgeboom, Vijg, Vijgeboom.

ENGLISH :   Common fig, Cultivated fig, Edible fig, Wild fig.

FRENCH :  Figue, Figue commune, Figuier commun.

GERMAN :   Echte Feige, Feige, Feigenbaum, Echter Feigenbaum.

GUJARATI :  Anjir.

HINDI :  अंजीर  Anjeer, Anjir.

 ITALIAN :  Fico, Fico comune.

JAPANESE :   イチジク    Ichijiku.

KANNADA :  Anjura, Simeyam.

KOREAN :  무화과    Mu hwa gwa,  무화과나무   Mu hwa gwa na mu.

MACEDONIAN :  Smoka.

MARATHI :  Anjir.

NEPALESE :    Anjiir.

PERSIAN :   انجير   Anjir (Anjeer).

PORTUGUESE :  Figueira, Figueira-comum.

RUSSIAN :   Фиговое дерево.

SANSKRIT :   Anjir (Anjeer), Anjira, Kakodomar,  Phalgu.

SERBIAN :  Smoka, Smokva, Smokovnica.

SLOVENIAN :  Figa, Figovec, Figovina, Smokvovec.

SPANISH :   Higuera común, Higo.

SWEDISH :  Fikon, Fikonträd.

TAMIL :   அத்திப்பழம்  Anjiira,  சீமையத்தி    Cimai y atti, ஸீமையத்தி Simai y atti (needs checking), தேனத்தி  Ten atti (tēṉ-atti).

URDU :   انجير    Anjeer.

VIETNAMESE :   Quả vả,  Vô hoa quả (transliteration of Chinese).


Ficus carica L. (Caprifig Group)

 SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus carica L. var. silvestris Risso, Ficus carica L. var. sylvestre Shinn

BOSNIAN :  Glušac.

CROATIAN :  Gluha smokva, Glušica, Divja smokva, Divja smokva glušica, Smokva-gluhača.

ENGLISH :  Caprifig, Wild Mediterranean fig.

KOREAN :   카프리계 ,   카프리형  .

 PORTUGUESE :  Caprifigos (Brazil).

SERBIAN :  Glušica, Smokva-gluhača.
Ficus carica L. (Common Group)

 SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus carica L. var. hortensis Shinn

KOREAN :   보통계 ,  보통형.

 PORTUGUESE :  Figos do tipo comum (Brazil).
Ficus carica L. (San Pedro Group)

 SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus carica L. var. intermedia Shinn

KOREAN :   산페드로계 , 산페드로형.

 PORTUGUESE :  Figos do tipo São Pedro (Brazil).
Ficus carica L. (Smyrna Group)

 SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus carica L. var. smyrnica Shinn

KOREAN :   수 미르나계  ,   스 미루나형  .

 PORTUGUESE :  Figos do tipo Smirna (Brazil).
Ficus caulocarpa (Miq.) Miq.

 SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus infectoria Willd. var. caulocarpa (Miq.) King,  Ficus stipulosa (Miq.) Miq., Urostigma caulocarpum Miquel, Urostigma stipulosum Miquel.

CHINESE :  大叶赤榕    Da ye chi rong, 大葉雀榕   (Taiwan) .

JAPANESE :  オオバアコウ  Oo baakou.


Ficus citrifolia Mill.

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus brevifolia Nutt. , Ficus citrifolia Mill. var. brevifolia (Nutt.) D'Arcy , Ficus gentlei Lundell , Ficus hemsleyana Standl. , Ficus laevigata Vahl , Ficus laevigata Vahl. var. brevifolia (Nutt.) D'Arcy , Ficus laevigata Vahl. var. brevifolia (Nutt.) Warb. ex Rossberg , Ficus laevigata Vahl. var. lentiginosa (Vahl) Urb. , Ficus lentiginosa Griseb. , Ficus lentiginosa Vahl , Ficus pedunculata Willd. , Ficus populifolia Desf. , Ficus populnea Willd. , Ficus populnea Willd. var. bahamensis Warb. , Ficus populnea Willd. var. brevifolia (Nutt.) Warb. , Ficus populnea Willd. subvar. floridana Warb. , Ficus populoides Warb.

ENGLISH :  Barbados strangler fig,  Barrenfig,  Bearded fig (Barbados), Bearded fig tree,  Florida strangler fig, Short leaf fig (Bahamas),  Shortleaf wild fig,  Short-leaved wild fig  (Bahamas),  White fig, Wild banyan tree, Wild banyan, Wild fig.

FRENCH :  Aralie-cerise, Arali siriz,  Figuier (Guadeloupe), Figuier barbu, Figuier blanc, Figyé blan, Figuier maudit (Guadeloupe) , Figyé modi (Martinique).

SPANISH :  Higuillo (Cuba, Dominican Republic),  Jagueillo (Puerto Rico),  Jagüerillo (Cuba),  Jagüey (Cuba, Puerto Rico),   Jagüey blanco,  Jagüey macho (Puerto Rico),  Jigüeillo, Jigüerillo, Jugüeillo (Puerto Rico).

Ficus congesta Roxb.

ENGLISH :  Cluster fig, Red leaf fig.
Ficus copiosa Steud.

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus copiosa Steud. var. pubescens Corner, Ficus magnifolia F.Muell.,  Ficus polycarpa Roxb., nom. illeg. non Jacq., Ficus subinflata Warb. 

ENGLISH :  Australian fig, Celebes fig,  Moluccas fig.

TAMIL :  சிறியபேயத்தி  Ciriyapeyatti  (as Ficus polycarpa).


The Tamil name is paired with an unauthorized F. polycarpa in most of the Indian literature we have come across, so we list it here for information only, but it could be under the wrong specific name. So far we have found 4 F. polycarpa, each with a different authority name but little else information.

Ficus cordata Thunb.

ENGLISH :  Namaqua fig, Namaqua fig tree.

GERMAN :  Wunderbaum-Feige.

Ficus cordata Thunb. subsp. salicifolia  (Vahl) C. C. Berg

SYNONYM(S) :    Ficus pretoriae Burtt Davy,  Ficus salicifolia Vahl,  Ficus salicifolia Vahl  var.  australis Warb.

AFRIKAANS :  Wonderboomvy .

ENGLISH :  African fig, Wonderboom fig (South Africa).

GERMAN :  Wunderbaum-Feige.
Ficus cotinifolia H.B.K.

ENGLISH :  Strangler fig.

Ficus cyathistipula Warb.

ENGLISH :  African fig tree.

ESTONIAN : Kõrv-viigipuu.

HEBREW :    פִיקוּס קַעֲרוּרִי   , פיקוס קערורי    Ficus qaaruri.

SWEDISH : Kimbalafikus.
Ficus cyathistipula Warb. subsp. cyathistipula Warb.

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus callescens Hiern, Ficus nyanzensis Hutch., Ficus rederi Hutch., Ficus rhynchocarpa Warb. ex Mildbr. & Burret


Ficus cyathistipula Warb. subsp. pringsheimiana (J.Braun & K.Schum.) C.C.Berg

SYNONYM(S) : Ficus pringsheimiana J.Braun & K.Schum.



Ficus dammaropsis Diels

SYNONYM(S) :  Dammaropsis kingiana Warb.

ENGLISH :  Dinner-plate fig, Highland breadfruit, Large-leaved West New Guinea fig tree, New Guinea fig, New Guinea fig tree.

UNIDENTIFIED :  Kapiak (New Guinea).


Ficus destruens F.Muell. ex C. T. White

ENGLISH :   Boonjee fig,  Boonjie Fig, Rusty fig, Strangler fig.


Ficus drupacea Thunb.

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus mysorensis B.Heyne ex Roth , Ficus payapa Blanco,   Ficus pilosa Reinw. ex Blume

CHINESE :   枕果榕   Zhen guo rong.

ENGLISH :  Brown woolly fig, Hairy fig.

MALAY :   Bulu timun (Java).

SPANISH :  Higuera de Mysore.

TAGALOG :  Payapa.

THAI :  Awaiting feedback.

VIETNAMESE :  Cây Đa lông.

Ficus drupacea Thunb. var. drupacea


Ficus drupacea Thunb. var. pubescens (Roth) Corner

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus mysorensis Heyne ex Roth  var. pubescens Roth.

CHINESE :   毛枕果榕    Mao zhen guo rong.


Ficus elastica Roxb. ex Hornem.

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus decora hort., Urostigma elasticum Miq.

ARABIC :    تين مطاطي   ,   فيكس يلجا.

ASSAMESE :  অথা বৰ  Athabor, Attah.

BENGALI :    Bor.

BURMESE :  Ganoi, Kanoi, Nyaung kyetpaung.

CHINESE :  印度榕   Yin du rong,   印度胶树 , 印度橡皮樹  (Taiwan),  印度橡胶树 (Taiwan),   印度橡膠樹   (Taiwan), 缅榕,  緬樹  (Taiwan).

CROATIAN :  Gumijevac, Fikus.

DANISH :   Gummifigen.

ENGLISH :   Assam rubber tree, Caoutchoue tree, India rubber fig, Indian rubberplant, Indian rubber tree, Ornamental rubber tree, Rubber plant.

FRENCH :   Arbre á caoutchouc, Caoutchouc.

GERMAN :  Gummibaum.

HINDI :     Attaabor, Bargad,     Bor.

JAPANESE :   アッサムゴム,     インドゴムノキ   Indo gomu no ki.

KANNADA :  ರಬ್ಬರ್ ಮರ   Rabbar mara, Rabra chovad.

KOREAN :   인도고무나무   In do go mu na mu.

MALAYALAM :  ഇന്ത്യന്‍ റബ്ബര്‍  Inthyan rabbar.

PORTUGUESE :  Arvore da goma elastica, Borracheira da India, Figueira da borracha.

SANSKRIT :  Vat.

SERBIAN :  Gumijevac, Tropska smokva, Fikus, Fikus zmajevac.

SLOVENIAN :  Gumovec.

SPANISH :  Árbol del caucho, Gomero,  Higuera cauchera, Higuera de la India (Cuba), Planta del caucho.

TAMIL :   சீமையால்     Cimaiyal.

TELUGU :  రబ్బరు   Rabbara, సాగుబంక   Segubanka.
 THAI :  ยางอินเดีย  Yang india.

VIETNAMESE :  Ða búp đỏ.


Ficus erecta Thunb.

SYNONYM(S) :    Ficus japonica Blume

JAPANESE :   イヌビワ,  イタビ, ヤブビワ, コイチジク, ホ ソバイヌビワ.

KOREAN :   천선과  Cheon seon gwa,  천선과나무  Cheon seon gwa na mu, 긴꼭지천선과  Gin kkok ji cheon seon gwa,  꼭지천선과    Kkok ji cheon seon gwa.
Ficus erecta Thunb. var beecheyana  (Hook. & Arn.) King

CHINESE :   牛乳榕   (Taiwan).

Ficus exasperata Vahl

SYNONYM(S) : Ficus asperrima Roxb., Ficus punctifera Warb.

KANNADA :  ಅಡವಿ ಅತ್ತಿ   Adavi atti, ಗರಗತ್ತಿ  Garagatti.

MALAYALAM : Teregam,  തേരകം Theerakam.

MARATHI :  करवत  Karvat.

SANSKRIT : करपत्र  Kharapatra.

SWAHILI :  Msasa.

TAMIL : Irambarathan, Irambarattam,  மரம்தினிஅத்தி  Maramthinniatti (Maramthinni atthi).

TELUGU : కరక బొద్దు karaka boddu, కరసాన karasana, సిరి బొడ్డ siri bodda.

UNIDENTIFIED :  Bolala (Africa), Jolo (Africa), Lukenga (Zaire), Lwago (Tanzania).


SYNONYMS:  Ficus scabra, Ficus serrata, Ficus silicea ????

Brahma's banyan, forest sandpaper fig, rough banyan, sand paper fig • Kannada: ಅಡವಿ ಅತ್ತಿ adavi atti, ಗರಗತ್ತಿ garagatti • Konkani: खरवंट kharvant • Malayalam: തേരകം theerakam • Marathi: करवत karvat • Sanskrit: करपत्र karapatra • Tamil: மரம்தினிஅத்தி maramthinniatti • Telugu: కరక బొద్దు karaka boddu, కరసాన karasana, సిరి బొడ్డ siri bodda
... and in, Afrikaans: woudskurwevy • Swahili: msasa


Ficus fergusoni (King)Worthington

SINHALESE :  Nuga.

Ficus fistulosa Reinw. ex Blume

CHINESE :    牛乳樹 (Taiwan).

Ficus formosana Maxim.

CHINESE :  天仙果 (Taiwan),  台 灣榕 (Taiwan).

Ficus glaberrima Blume

SYNONYM(S) : Ficus aurantiaca Wall.

CHINESE :    大 叶水 榕    Da ye shui rong.


Ficus glandulifera Wall.

SYNONYM(S) : Ficus aurantiaca Miq.

BURMESE :   Awaiting feedback

MALAY :   Awaiting feedback


Ficus glumosa Delile

SYNONYM(S) :    Ficus barbata Warb., Ficus congensis Engl., Ficus montana T. R. Sim., Ficus rehmanii Warb., Ficus sonderi Miq., Urostigma glumosum Miq.

AFRIKAANS :  Afrikaans rostvy,  Bergvy.

ENGLISH :  African rock fig,  Mountain fig, Mountain rock fig.

GERMAN :  Afrikanische Felsenfeige.

HAUSA :  Kawuri.


Ficus hederacea Roxb.

SYNONYM(S) :    Ficus cantoniensis E. Bodinier ex H. Léveillé, Ficus scandens Roxb., not Lam., not Buch.-Ham.

CHINESE :  藤榕   Teng rong.

FRENCH :  Figuier à feuilles de lierre, Figuier lierre, Figuier lierre de Canton, Figuier rampant.


Ficus hispida L. f.

 SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus compressa S. S. Chang,  Ficus heterostyla Merr.

BURMESE :  Hpauwu, Ka-aung, Kadut, Kha-aung, Mai-nawt-hpu.

CHINESE :  对叶榕   Dui ye rong.

ENGLISH :   Rough-leaved fig.

GUJARATI :  ધેડ ઉંબર   Dhed umbar.

HINDI :    दिमार Dimaar, गोबला  Gobla, कगशा  Kagsha, काला उम्बर  Kala umbar, कटगूलरिया  Katgularia, फल्गु    Phalgu.

LAOTIAN :  Kok dua pong.

MALAYALAM :  എരുമനാക്ക്  Erumanaakk, കാട്ടത്തി  Kaattaththi, പാറകം Paarakam.

MARATHI :  काळा उंबर   Kala umbar.

NEPALESE :  खोथया दुमरी  Kothaya-dumari.

SANSKRIT :    काकोदुम्बर   Kaakodumbara, काकोदुम्बरिका   Kakodumbarika .

SINHALESE :   Kota dimbula.

TAMIL :    பேயத்தி    Peyatti .

TELUGU :   బొమ్మమేడి   Bomma-medi.

THAI :  มะเดื่อปล้อง  Ma duea plong.

VIETNAMESE :   Ngái.

devil fig, hairy fig, opposite-leaved fig-tree, rough-leaved fig • Gujarati: ધેડ ઉંબર dhed umbar • Hindi: गोबला gobla, कगशा kagsha, काला उम्बर kala umbar, कटगूलरिया katgularia, फल्गु phalgu • Kannada: ಅಡವಿ ಅತ್ತಿ adavi atti, ಕದ ಅತ್ತಿ kada atti • Konkani: खरवोटी kharvoti • Malayalam: എരുമനാക്ക് erumanaakk, കാട്ടത്തി kaattaththi, പാറകം paarakam • Marathi: बोकेडा bokeda, बोखाडा bokhada, बोखेडा bokheda, धेड उंबर dhed umbar, काळा उंबर kala umbar, करवती karavati • Nepalese: खर्सु kharsu, खोथया दुमरी kothaya-dumari • Sanskrit: काकोदुम्बरिका kakodumbarika, मलयूः malayuhu, फल्गु phalgu, फणिका phanika • Tamil: பேயத்தி peyatti • Telugu: బొమ్మమేడి bomma-medi
... and in, Burmese: hpauwu, kadut, kha-aung, mai-nawt-hpu • Chinese: 对叶榕 dui ye rong • Lao: kok dua pong • Sinhalese: kota dimbula • Thai: มะเดื่อปล้อง ma duea plong • Vietnamese: ngái

Ficus infectoria  Willd.    

BENGALI :  Pakur.

ENGLISH :  Cuvi white fig, White fig, White-fruited wavy leaf fig tree.

HINDI :  Kahimal,  Kahimmal, Kaim,  Keol, Pakar, Pakri, Pakur, Pilkahan, Pilkhan, Ramanjir.

KANNADA :  Basari, Basarigoli, Juvvimara, Karibasari, Karibasuri, Matai ichchi.

MALAYALAM :   Bakri, Chakkila, Chela, Cherala, Cherla, Chuvannal, Itti, Jati..

MARATHI :   Bassari, Pakari, Pipli.

SANSKRIT :  Phagu, Phalgu,   Plaksa.

TAMIL :  Cuvalai pipal, இத்தி    Itti ,  Jovi, கல்லால்   Kallal, Kurugatti, Kurugu, Matai ichchi, Suvi..

TELUGU :  Badijuvvi, Banda juvvi, Jati, Jatijuvi.

URDU :  Pakodo.



Some confusion remains regarding this species. Is it only a synonym of  F. virens?  or is there a "Ficus infectoria" which is not a synonym ?. Consequently many of the names applied to this species may match F. virens as well ... or may apply to it instead. On the other hand the FRLHT applies many of the above names to a Ficus lacor var. infectoria and as a consequence many names are shared with Ficus lacor.
Ficus ingens (Miq.) Miq.

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus caffra (Miq.) Miq., Ficus ingentoides Hutch.

AFRIKAANS :  Rooiblaarvy.

ENGLISH :   Red-leaved rock fig, Rock-breaker fig.

GERMAN :   Rotblättrige Felsenfeige.

HAUSA : Shirinya.

KIKUYU :  Mu-karenju.

SWAHILI :  Mlumba.

UNIDENTIFIED :   Ikivumansolia (Tanzania), Jami ya Lusieno (Tanzania), Mulumba, Tourou (West Africa).



Ficus insipida Willd.

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus anthelminthica Mart. non Hassler , Ficus glabrata Kunth , Ficus krugiana Warb. , Ficus laurifolia Duss non Lam. , Ficus mexicana (Miq.) Miq. , Ficus segoviae Miq.

ENGLISH :  Gouti fig,  Red fig (Belize).

FRENCH :  Figuier blanc,  Figuier agouti, Figyé agouti (Martinique), Figuier maudit, Figuier médicinal,  Figyé modi (Martinique).

SPANISH :  Amate (Mexico),  Amate de hijo grande (Colombia),  Amete de montaña (Honduras),  Bibosi (Bolivia),  Chilamate (Costa Rica, Nicaragua),  Cocoba (Bolivia),  Doctor ojé (Peru),  Gomelero (Bolivia),  Higo (Honduras, Nicaragua),  Higuero (Honduras),  Higuerón (Colombia, Nicaragua, Venezuela), Higuerón de rio (Ecuador),  Ojé (Bolivia, Peru),  Siranda (Mexico) .
Ficus lacor  Buch.-Ham.

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus lucescens Blume

BURMESE :  Hpak hi, Nyaung gyin.

ENGLISH :   Java fig.

HINDI :  Kahimmal, Kamarup, Keoi, Khabar, Pakri, Pilkhan, Ramanjir.

KANNADA :    Basari, Itti, Karibasuri.

MALAYALAM :  Itti, Ittiyal.

MARATHI :  Bassari,  Dhedumbara, Gandhaumbar, Lendva, Lendwa, Pakari, Pepar.

SANSKRIT :  Ashvatthi, Charudarshani, Dridhapraroha, Gardabhanda, Jati, Kamandalutaru, Kandaralu, Kapitana, Karpari, Kshiri, Mahabala, Parkataki, Parkati, Pimpari, Pitana, Plaksa, Plaksha, Plavaka, Shringi, Suparshva, Varohashakhi, Vati.

TAMIL :  Icci, Ichchi, Kallicci, Kurugatti, Kurugu, Malai ichchi.

TELUGU :    Banda juvvi, Jati,  Jati juv, Jati juvi, Plaksa.



USDA GRIN places F. lacor among the synonyms of  F. virens. This may explain the vernacular names common to both species.
Ficus lutea Vahl

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus subcalcarata Warb. & Scheinf.,  Ficus verrucocarpa Warb., Ficus vogelii (Miq.) Miq.

AFRIKAANS :   Reuseblaarvy.

ENGLISH :  Giant-leaved fig, Kaffir fig.

GERMAN :   Zulufeige.



Ficus lyrata Warb.

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus pandurata Sander non Hance

ENGLISH :  Fiddleleaf fig, Fiddle-leaved fig tree.

GERMAN :  Geigenfeige.

JAPANESE :   カシワバゴム    Kashiwa bagomu.

Ficus maclellandii King

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus maclellandii King var. rhododendrifolia Corner,  Ficus rhododendrifolia (Miq.) Miq., not Kunth & Boucharlet, Urostigma rhododendrifolium Miq.

CHINESE :   瘤枝榕    Liu zhi rong.

THAI :  Hai tai nga,   ไทร Sai, Sai yoi,   ไทรใบยาว.
Ficus macrophylla Desf. ex Pers.

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus macrocarpa Hügel ex Kunth & Bouché,  Urostigma macrophyllum (Desf. ex Pers.) Miq.

DANISH :   Storbladet figen.

ENGLISH :   Australian banyan, Moreton Bay fig, Black fig, Brown fig wood, Karrevaira, Peemith, Waabie.

GERMAN :   Australischer Gummibaum, Großblättrige Feige.

JAPANESE :   オーストラリアゴムノキ  Oosutoraria gomu no ki.

PORTUGUESE :  Permite.

SPANISH :  Higuera australiana.

TAMIL :  Lallicchi,    மலையத்தி     Malaiyatti  (as F. macrocarpa).


Ficus macrophylla  Desf. ex Pers.  subsp. columnaris (C. Moore & F. Muell.) P. S. Green

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus columnaris C. Moore & F. Muell.

ENGLISH :  Lord Howe Island banyan.


Ficus macrophylla  Desf. ex Pers.  subsp. macrophylla 


Ficus microcarpa L. f.

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus amblyphylla (Miq.) Miq., Ficus benjamina Willd., Ficus microcarpa L. f. var. crassifolia (W. C. Shieh) Liao, Ficus retusa L., Ficus retusa L. var. crassifolia W. C. Shieh,  Ficus retusiformis H. Léveillé,  Ficus rubra Roth., Urostigma amblyphyllum Miq.

BURMESE :  Nyaung ok (as F. retusa L.).

CHINESE :   榕 树  Rong shu.

DANISH :   Laurbærfigen.

ENGLISH :  Chinese banyan,  Curtain fig, Indian laurel fig, Laurel fig, Malay banyan.

GERMAN :  Chinesische Feige, Indischer Lorbeer,  Lorbeerfeige.

HINDI :  Chilkan, Kamarup.

JAPANESE :   ガジュマル     Gajumaru.

 KANNADA :  Hillala, Hinala, Kirgoli, Kirigoli, Kirugoli, Nankipipri, Peelaalada mara, Peeladamara, Pilal.

MALAY :  Ara jejawi (as F. retusa)  confusion ?

MALAYALAM :  Itti, Ittiyal, Itty alu, Itti arealou,  Kallithi.

MARATHI :  Nandruk.

NEPALESE :    Jaamu.

SANSKRIT :  Gajapadapa, Kantalaka, Ksavataru, Kuberaka, Kuni, Kunjarapadapa, Nandivriksha, Plaksah, Sthalivrksa, Tunna.

SPANISH :  Laurel de Indias.

TAMIL :  Icci, Ichi,  Kallicci, Kallicchi, Kalluichi, Malaiyichi.

TELUGU :  Billa juvvi,  Hema vudaga,  Konda pillara, Nandireka, Plaksa, Yerra juvvi.

THAI :   ไทรจีน  Sai yoi (as var. crassifolia),   ไทรจีนใบแหลม Sai yoi bai laem (Central Thailand),  ไทรยอดทอง.
VIETNAMESE :  Cây gừa.
Ficus mollis Vahl.

HINDI : Son pakar.

KANNADA : Kallatti, Kallatthi .

MARATHI : Kallu-goli .

TAMIL :  Ichchi, Kal athi, Kal ichchi, Kaattarasu.

TELUGU : Jivi.

Ficus natalensis Hochst.

AFRIKAANS :  Natalvy.

ENGLISH :  Bark-cloth fig , Natal fig.

GERMAN : Natal-Feige. 


Ficus natalensis Hochst. subsp. leprieurii (Miq.) C. C. Berg

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus leprieurii Miq. , Ficus triangularis Warb.


Ficus natalensis Hochst. subsp. natalensis

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus volkensii Warb.
Ficus neriifolia Smith

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus gemella Wall. ex Miq., Ficus nemoralis Wall. ex Miq., Ficus neriifolia Sm. var. nemoralis (Wall. ex Miq.) Corner

CHINESE :  森林 榕   Sen lin rong.

HEBREW : 


Ficus nervosa Heyne

CHINESE :   九丁榕 .

Ficus nymphaeifolia Mill.

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus anguina Benoist , Ficus duquei Dugand , Ficus ierensis Britton , Ficus nymphoides Thunb. , Ficus urbaniana Warb. Urostigma nymphaeifolium (Mill.) Miq.

ENGLISH :  Nymphaea leaf fig, 

FRENCH :  Figuier à feuilles de nymphéa , Figuier grandes feuilles (Martinique), Figyé gran fèy (Martinique).



Ficus palmata Forssk.

BURMESE : Kala-thapan,  Thapan eindiya (tha.hpan: ein~di.ya).

ENGLISH :  Punjab fig, Wild fig.

GUJARATI :  Pepri.

HINDI :  Anjir, Anjiri, Anzori, Bedu, जंगली अंजीर  Jangalee anjeer, Jangli anjir, Khamri, Khemri.

TELUGU :  Manjimedi.


Ficus palmeri S.Watson

SYNONYM(S) : Ficus petiolaris Kunth.

SPANISH : Higuera de roca, Higuera del desierto.


Ficus pertusa L.f.

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus erythrosticta (Miq.) Miq. , Ficus gemina Ruiz ex Miq. , Ficus kanukuensis Standl. , Ficus padifolia Kunth , Ficus palmicida Pittier , Ficus peruviana (Miq.) Rossberg , Ficus prinioides Hassl. non Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. , Ficus rolanderi (Liebm.) Miq. , Ficus trachelosyce Dugand , Ficus zarzalensis Standl., Pharmacosycea peruviana Miq.,  Urostigma erythrostictum Miq.,  Urostigma geminum Miq.,  Urostigma padifolium (Kunth) Liebm. Urostigma pertusum (L.f.) Miq. Urostigma rolanderi Liebm.

ENGLISH : Perforated fig,  Plum-leaved fig tree, Strangler fig.

FRENCH :  Figuier perforé.

SPANISH :  Bibosi, Bibosi palomo (Bolivia),  Matapalo (Belize, Mexico),  Nauti gui (Paraguay),  Renaco (Peru).

 
Ficus pisocarpa Blume

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus microstoma Wallich ex King,  Urostigma pisocarpum (Blume) Miquel.

CHINESE :  豆果榕   Dou guo rong.

VIETNAMESE :   Sộp.


Ficus platyphylla Del.

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus somalensis auct., Ficus kotschyana (Miq.) Miq.,  Ficus lateralis Warb., Urostigma kotschyanum Miq.

BAMBARA :  Gaba, Kobo, Nkaba, Onan bolo.

ENGLISH :  Balata*, Broadleaf fig,  Flake rubber tree, Gutta-percha tree*, Red Kano rubber tree, West African fig tree.

HAUSA :   Gamji.

RUSSIAN :  Фикус плосколистный    Fikus ploskolistnyi.

UNIDENTIFIED :  Kalkaldihi (Niger - Africa), Niger gutta  (Africa),  Ogbagba rubber (Africa),  Red Gambia (Africa),  Tamba nualé (Africa).





* Should not be applied to a Ficus. The true "Balata" and "Gutta-percha" trees are Manilkara bidentata(A DC.) Chev. & Palaquium gutta (Hook.f.) Baillon respectively.




Ficus platypoda (Miq.) Cunn. ex Miq.

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus leichhardtii (Miq.) Miq., Ficus leucotricha (Miq.) Miq., Urostigma leichhardtii Miq., Urostigma leucotrichum Miq., Urostigma platypodum Miq.

HAUSA :   Gamji.

UNIDENTIFIED :  Ngabara (Nigeria).


Ficus pleurocarpa F.Muell.

ENGLISH :   Banana fig, Figwood, Karpe fig.

Ficus polita Vahl.

AFRIKAANS :  Wilderubbervy.

ENGLISH :  Wild rubber fig.

HAUSA : Durumi.


Ficus pumila L.

 SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus repens hort., Ficus scandens Lam.,  Ficus stipulata hort., Urostigma scandens Liebm.

BURMESE :  Kyauk kat nyaung nwe.

CHINESE :  薜荔  Bi li.

DANISH :   Hængefigen.

ENGLISH :  Climbing fig, Creeping fig, Creeping rubber plant, Tropical ivy (Ceylon).

FRENCH :  Figuier rampant.

GERMAN :  Kletterfeige.

ITALIAN :  Fico rampicante.

JAPANESE :   オオイタビ     Oo itabi.
PORTUGUESE :  Falsa-hera (Brazil), Hera-miúda (Brazil).

SERBIAN :  Puzajući fikus, Penjući fikus.

SPANISH :   Higuera trepadora.

VIETNAMESE :   Cây trâu cổ.
Ficus quercifolia Roxb.

SYNONYM(S) :    Ficus montana Burm. f.

ENGLISH :    Oakleaf fig, Oak-leaved fig tree.

FRENCH :   Figuier à feuilles de chêne.


Ficus racemosa L.

SYNONYM(S) :   Covellia glomerata (Roxb.) Miq.,  Ficus glomerata Roxb., Ficus  goolereea  Roxb.

BENGALI :  Dumur, Hpak-lu,  Jagyadumbar, Mayen, Taung tha phan, Thapan, Ye thapan.

BURMESE :  Hpak-lu,  Jagyadumbar, Mayen, Re thapan (ré-tha.hpan:), Taung tha phan, Thapan, Ye thapan.

CHINESE :   聚果榕  Ju guo rong,  優 曇花   (Taiwan),  優曇 華   (Taiwan).

ENGLISH :   Cluster fig, Cluster tree, Country fig,  Gular fig, Redwood fig.

GUJARATI :  Gular, Umardo.

HINDI :  Ambar (Bombay), Doomar, Domoor, Gular, Udumbara, Umar, Umbar.

KANNADA :  Alhi, Atti, Atthimara.

LAOTIAN :  Kok dua kieng (as F. glomerata var.).

MALAY :   Ara, Elo (Indonesia).

MALAYALAM :  Athi (Kerala), Athiathial, Atthi.

MARATHI :  Audumbar, Umbar.

NEPALESE :    Dumrii.

ORIYA :  Dimri.

SANSKRIT :   Gular, Hemadugdhaka,  Jantuphala, Sadaphalah, Udumbar, Udumbara, Udumbarah, Yajnanga.

SINHALESE :  Attikka. 

TAMIL :  ஆனை Anai (as F. glomerata),  அத்தி   Atti, Athi, Atthi, Attee marum, மலையின்முனிவன்  Malaiyin munivan (as F. glomerata), பரம்   Param,  உதும்பரம்   Utumparam (as F. glomerata), Vellaiatthi.

TELUGU :  Arri, Athi, Bodda, Maydi, Paidi, Udumbaramu.

THAI : Duea kliang, Duea nam,   มะเดื่อ Ma duea, มะเดื่อชุมพร   Ma duea chumphon,  มะเดื่ออุทุมพร  Ma duea utum phon (Central Thailand).

URDU :  Dimiri.

VIETNAMESE :  Cây sung,   Sung.

cluster fig, country fig, crattock, gular fig, redwood fig • Bengali: উদুম্বর udumbara, jagyadumbar • Gujarati: ગૂલર goolar, ઉંબરૉ umbaro • Hindi: डूमर dumar, धर्म पत्र dharma patra, गूलर goolar, जन्तु फल jantu phal, पाणि भुज pani bhuj, पुष्पहिना pushp-hina, उदुम्बर udumbara, ऊमरि umari, यज्ञडुम्बुर yajnyadumbur • Kannada: ಅತ್ತಿ ಮರ atti mara • Konkani: ऋम्बड rhumbud • Malayalam: അത്തി aththi • Manipuri: heibong • Marathi: उदुंबर udumbar, उंबर umbar • Nepalese: दुम्री dumrii • Oriya: dimri • Sanskrit: औदुम्बर audumbara, ब्रह्मन्वृक्षः brahanvrkisha, गूलर gular, हेमदुग्धकः hemadugdhaka, जन्तुकाफलः jantukaphalah, जन्तुफलः jantuphalah, जन्तुमती jantumati, कृमिफलः krmiphalah, मशकिन् mashakin, सदाफलः sadaphalah, सौम्य saumya, शीतवल्कः shitavalkah, सुतः sutah, उडुम्बर udumbara, वसुद्रुमः vasudrumah, यज्ञयोगः yajnayoga, यज्ञियः yagniyah • Tamil: ஆனை anai, அத்தி atti, athi, atthi, attee marum, மலையின்முனிவன் malaiyin munivan, உதும்பரம் utumparam , vellaiatthi • Telugu: arri, అత్తి athi, బొడ్డ bodda, బ్రహ్మమామిడి brahmamamidi, maydi, paidi, udumbaramu • Urdu: ڐومر dumar
... Burmese: hpak-lu, mayen, taung tha phan, ye thapan • Chinese: 聚果榕 Ju guo rong, 優曇花 (in Taiwan), 優曇華 (in Taiwan) • Lao: kok dua kieng • Malay: ara, elo (in Indonesia) • Portuguese: rumbodo • Sinhalese: attikka • Thai: duea kliang, duea nam, มะเดื่อ ma duea, มะเดื่อชุมพร ma duea chumphon, มะเดื่ออุทุมพร ma duea utum phon (Central Thailand) • Vietnamese: cây sung



Photograph of leaves & fruits at viet.gutenberg.free.fr
Spectacular photograph of  twinning plant in China.

Ficus radicans Desf.

ENGLISH : Trailing fig.

Ficus religiosa L.

ARABIC :  تين المعابد  ,  فيكس لسان.

BENGALI :  Pipal, Pippal.

BURMESE :  Bawdi nyaung, Lagat, Mai nyawng, Nyaung bawdi.

CHINESE :  思 维树  Si wei shu,   菩提树    Pu ti shu,  印度菩提樹    (Taiwan),  菩 提樹  Pu ti shu (Taiwan).

DANISH :   Buddhafigen.

ENGLISH :  Bo tree,  Bodhi tree, Peepul tree (Nepal), Pipal tree (India), Pippala (India), Po tree (Thailand), Sacred fig, Sacred fig tree.

FRENCH :  Arbre bo de, Figuier de l'Inde, Figuier des banians, Figuier des pagodes, Figuier indien, Figuier sacré, Figuier sacré de Bodh-Gaya.

GERMAN :   Bobaum, Bo-Baum, Bodhi-Baum, Heiliger Feigenbaum,  Pappelfeige, Pepul-Baum, Pepulbaum der Inder.

GUJARATI :  Jari, Pipal, Pipers, Piplo.

HEBREW :   פיקוס קדוש .

HINDI :  पीपल  Pipal, Pipali, Pipli.

JAPANESE :   インドボダイジュ    Indo bodaiju.

KANNADA :   Arali, Arati, Aswatha.

KHMER :  Pu.

LAOTIAN :  Kok pho.

MALAYALAM :  Arayal  (Kerala), Arei al, Ashwatham.

MARATHI :  Pimpal.

NEPALESE :    Peepul,     Pipal, Pippal.

ORIYA :  Jari.

POLISH :  Figowiec swiety.
SANSKRIT :  Ashvatha,  Asvattha, Ashvathha, Aswattha, Azvattha, Bodhidruma,    Bodhivrska, Peepal, Peepul, Pipala,   Piippala, Pippala vruksham, Shuchidruma, Vrikshraj,  Yajnika.

SERBIAN :  Indijska smokva, Gumi-lak smokva.

SINHALESE :  Araca maram, Bo, Bodhi..

SPANISH :  Arbol sagrado de la India, Higuera de las pagodas, Higuera religiosa de la India, Higuera sagrada de los budistas.

TAMIL :  அரசமரம்   Aracamaram, Arachu (Ceylon), அரசு  Aracu,  Arali, Arasamaram, Arasi maram, Arasu.

TELUGU :  Bodhi, Raavi chettu, Ragichettu, Ravi.

THAI :  โพ Pho, โพธิ  , โพศรีมหาโพ  Pho si maha pho (Central Thailand), สลี  Sali (Northern Thailand).

URDU :  Jori, Peepal, Usto.

VIETNAMESE :   Cây đề.


bo tree, bodhi tree, holy ficus, pipal, poplar-leaved fig tree, sacred fig, sacred ficus, tree-of-wisdom • Assamese: অশ্বত্থ ashwattha • Bengali: অশ্বত্থ asbattha • Gujarati: પિપળો piplo • Hindi: अस्वत्थ aswattha, मातंग matang, नागबन्धु naagbandhu, पादछटवर pada-chatvar, पीपल pipal, पिप्पल pippal, प्लक्ष plaksha, प्लीहारी plihari • Kannada: ಅರಳಿ arali, ಅಶ್ವತ್ಥ ashvattha • Kashmiri: पिपल् pipal • Konkani: अश्र्वत्थ ashwattha, पिंपळ pimpal • Malayalam: അരയാല്‍ arayaal, ബോധിവൃക്ഷം bodhivruksham • Marathi: अश्र्वत्थ ashwattha, देवतरू devataru, मुंज्या munjya, पिंपळ pimpal • Nepalese: पिपल् pipal, पिप्लि pipli • Oriya: jari • Pali: अस्सत्था assattha, बोधि bodhi, पिप्फला pipphala • Sanskrit: अश्वत्थ ashwattha, बोधिद्रुमः bodhidruma, बोधिवृक्ष bodhivriksha, चलदलः chaladalah, चलपत्रः chalapatrah, देवतरू devataru, गुह्यपुष्पः guhyapushpah, केशवावास keshavaavaasa, केशवालय keshavalaya, क्षीरद्रुमः kshiradrumh, कुञ्जरः kunjarh, मातङ्ग matanga, प्लाक्ष plaksha, प्लीहारी plihari, सत्यः satyah, सेव्यः sevyah, श्रीमत् shrimat, श्रीवृक्ष shrivriksha, शुचिद्रुमः shuchidruma, विप्रः viprh, वृक्षराज vrikshraj • Tamil: அரசமரம் aracamaram, அரசு aracu, ஆச்சுவரி accuvari, அச்சுவத்தம் accuvattam, ஆசுணம் acunam, அரசானம் aracanam, ஆராகவரியம் arakavariyam, அத்திரு attiru, அத்துகமானி attukamani, அத்தமானி attumani, இலணை ilanai, கணவம் kanavam • Telugu: అశ్వత్థము asvatthamu, బోధిద్రుమము bodhidrumamu, రాగిచెట్టు raagichettu, రావి raavi • )Urdu: پيپل peepal
... and in, Arabic: فيكس لسان, تين المعابد • Burmese: bawdi nyaung, lagat, mai nyawng, nyaung bawdi • Chinese: 思维树 si wei shu, 菩提树 pu ti shu • Danish: Buddhafigen • French: arbre de bo , figuier des pagodes, figuier sacré, figuier sacré de Bodh-Gaya • German: bo-baum, bodhi-baum, heiliger feigenbaum, pappelfeige, pepul-baum, pepulbaum der Inder • Japanese: インドボダイジュ Indo bodaiju • Khmer: pu • Lao: kok pho • Polish: figowiec swiety • Portuguese: figueira dos pagodes, pimpol, pipal, vedo • Serbian: Indijska smokva, gumi-lak smokva • Sinhalese: araca maram, bo, bodhi • Spanish: arbol sagrado de la India, higuera de las pagodas, higuera religiosa de la India, higuera sagrada de los budistas • Thai: โพ pho, โพศรีมหาโพ pho si maha pho (Central Thailand), สลี sali (Northern Thailand) • Vietnamese: cây đề
Ficus retusa L. 

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus microcarpa L. f. var. nitida (King) Ho., Ficus nitida Blume, nom. illeg.

BURMESE :  Nyaung ok.

CHINESE :  榕树  Rong shu.

DANISH :   Javafigen.

HINDI :  Kamrup, Nandruk, Pinwal.

KANNADA :  Kirugoli, Pilala, Pilimara.

MALAY :  Ara jejawi.

MALAYALAM :  Ittiyal, Kalatthi, Kallithi.

MARATHI :  Nandruk, Tunivriksha.

SANSKRIT : Kantalaka, Kuberaka, Mandirriksha,    Nandivrksa  (nandIvRkSa), Plaksah.

TAMIL :   Chilkhan, Ichi, Kal ichhci, Kal atthi, Kallichi, கல்லித்தி   Kallitti,  மலையிச்சி  Malaiyicci, Malaiyitchi, Pon ichchi.

TELUGU :  Billajuvvi, Juvi, Konda juvi, Kondapillara, Vettijuvvi, Yerrajuvi, Yerrajuvvi.

THAI :   ไทรจีนใบกลม  Sai chin bai kaem (as F. microcarpa var. nitida), ไทรจีนใบแหลม Sai chin bai laem.

VIETNAMESE :  Si.


Considered by Tem Smitinand as a synonym of F. microcarpa.
Ficus retusa L. var. retusa

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus microcarpa L. f. var. microcarpa

THAI :  Sai hin, Sai khao, ไทรขี้ นก Sai khi nok,  Sai rayong,   ไทร ทอง  Sai thong, ไทรย้อย Sai yoi,  ไทรย้อยใบแหลม  Sai yoi bai laem (Central Thailand),  ไทร ย้อยใบทู่   Sai yoi bai thu (as F. microcarpa var. microcarpa).


Some common names of the species apply also to this variety.

Ficus rubiginosa Desf.ex Vent.

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus australis Willd., non hort. , Ficus baileyana Domin,   Ficus leichhardtii (Miq.) Miq.,  Urostigma leichhardtii Miq. , Urostigma rubiginosum (Desf. ex Vent.) Gasp.

ENGLISH :  Little leaf fig,   Port Jackson fig, Rusty fig, Rusty-leaved fig.


Ficus rumphii Blume

BENGALI :  Gaiaswat.

BURMESE :  Nyaung oyn, Nyaung phyu.

CHINESE :  心叶榕  Xin ye rong, 心 葉榕 , 假 菩提樹 (Hong Kong).

ENGLISH :  Mock Bodh tree.
HINDI :  Gagjaira, gajiun, Gajna, काबर  Kabar, Khabar, पाकर  Pakar,  Paras pipal, Pilkhan, Pipal, Pipul.

KANNADA :  Bettaarali, Bettaarli,  Bettaragi, Kadarali.

MALAY :  Ancak (Indonesia).

MARATHI : Asht, Ashta, Pair, Payar.

SANSKRIT :    Azmantaka,  Nandivrksa, parkataki,  Plaksa.

THAI :  โพขี้นก   Pho khi nok, Pho tua phu, Pho prasat (Central Thailand).


Ficus sagittata Vahl

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus compressicaulis Blume, Ficus lanaoensis Merrill ex Sata, Ficus ramentacea Roxb.

CHINESE :   羊乳榕    Yang ru rong.

DANISH :  Klatrefigen.

RUSSIAN :   Фикус стреловидный,  Фикус чешуйчатый (as F. ramentacea).



Ficus salicifolia Vahl.  ->  Ficus cordata Thunb. subsp. salicifolia  (Vahl) C. C. Berg
 
Ficus sansibarica Warb.

AFRIKAANS :  Knoppiesvy.

ENGLISH :  Knobby fig, Knobbly fig, Large-fruited fig.



Ficus sansibarica Warb. subsp. macrosperma Mildbr. & Burret C.C. Berg

SYNONYM(S) :    Ficus buntingii Hutch. , Ficus gossweileri Hutch., Ficus macrosperma Mildbr. & Burret , Ficus macrosperma Warb. ex Mildbr. & Burret , Ficus mangenotii A.Chev., Ficus ugandensis Hutch.



Ficus sansibarica Warb. subsp. sansibarica

SYNONYM(S) :    Ficus delagoensis Sim, Ficus langenburgii Warb.

ENGLISH :  Zanzibar fig.

SWAHILI :  Inkhokhokho.


Ficus sarmentosa Buch.-Ham. ex J. E. Sm.

CHINESE :   匍茎榕   Pu jing rong.


Ficus sarmentosa Buch.-Ham. ex Sm. var. duclouxii (H. Lév. & Vaniot) Corner

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus duclouxii H. Lév. & Vaniot

CHINESE :  大果藤爬榕  Da guo teng pa rong.   

Ficus sarmentosa Buch.-Ham. ex J. E. Sm. var. henryi (King) Corner

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus arisanensis Hayata, Ficus foveolata (Wall. ex Miq.) Wall. ex Miq. var. henryi King ex Oliv. , Ficus oxyphylla Miq. var. henryi (King ex Oliver) T. Yamazaki.

CHINESE :   珍珠蓮 Zhen zhu lian,  阿里山珍珠蓮 (Taiwan).
Ficus sarmentosa Buch.-Ham. ex Sm. var. impressa (Champ. ex Benth.) Corner

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus impressa Champ. ex Benth.

CHINESE :  爬藤榕  Pa teng rong.
Ficus sarmentosa Buch.-Ham. ex Sm. var. lacrymans (H. Lév.) Corner

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus lacrymans H. Lév.

CHINESE :  尾尖爬藤榕  Wei jian pa teng rong.
Ficus sarmentosa Buch.-Ham. ex Sm. var. luducca (Roxb.) Corner

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus luducca Roxb.

CHINESE :  长柄爬藤榕  Chang bing pa teng rong.


Ficus sarmentosa Buch.-Ham. ex Sm. var. nipponica (Franch. & Sav.) Corner

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus nipponica Franch. & Sav.

CHINESE :  白背爬藤榕   Bai bei pa teng rong.
Ficus sarmentosa Buch.-Ham. ex J. E. Sm. var. sarmentosa

SYNONYM(S) :    Ficus foveolata (Wall. ex Miq.) Wall. ex Miq., Ficus reticulata (Miq.) Miq., not Thunb.

CHINESE :   匍茎榕   Pu jing rong.
Ficus sarmentosa Buch.-Ham. ex Sm. var. thunbergii (Maxim.) Corner

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus thunbergii Maxim.

CHINESE :  少脉爬藤榕  Shao mai pa teng rong.


Ficus semicordata Buch. - Ham. ex Sm.

SYNONYM(S) :   Covellia cunia (Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb) Miq., Ficus cunia Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb., Ficus conglomerata Roxb., Ficus semicordata Buch. - Ham. ex J. E. Sm.

CHINESE :  鸡嗉子果.

HINDI :   Bhuin gular, Doomar, Khaina,  परहो (as F.cunia).
NEPALESE :    खन्यु  Khanyu.

TAMIL :  Taragadi.

VIETNAMESE :   Cọ nọt,   Ða lá lệch.
Ficus septica Burm. f.

CHINESE :   稜果榕  (Taiwan).


Ficus stricta (Miq.) Miq.

SYNONYM(S) :   Urostigma strictum Miq.

CHINESE :  劲直榕   Jin zhi rong.

VIETNAMESE :   Si.

Ficus superba Miq.

CHINESE :   雀榕.

ENGLISH : Cedar fig, Sea fig.


Ficus superba Miq. var. henneana (Miq.) Corner

ENGLISH :  Deciduous fig.

Ficus superba Miq. var. japonica (Miq.) Miq.

CHINESE :   雀榕, 山榕,  笔管榕.

Ficus sur Forssk.

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus capensis Thunb., Ficus mallatocarpa Warb.

AFRIKAANS :  Besemtrosvy, Besem-trosvy, Wildevyboom.

ARABIC :  Tin sur  تين سور

ENGLISH : Broom cluster fig, Bush fig (Western & Eastern Africa), Cape fig, Fire sticks (South Africa, Botswana), Fig of Heaven (Gambia), Kooman (South Africa), Wild fig.

FRENCH :  Petit sycomore (Africa).

HAUSA :  Uwar yara.

KIKUYU :  Mu-kuyu.

PORTUGUESE :  Figueira do cabo.

SWAHILI :  Mkuyu, Mwangajo.

YORUBA :  Opoto.

ZULU :  Umkhiwan.

UNIDENTIFIED :  Ikubila (Tanzania).
 


Ficus sycomorus L.

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus chanas Forssk., Ficus cocculifolia Baker, Ficus damarensis Engl., Ficus graphalocarpa (Miq.) A.Rich. ,  Ficus rigida Miq., Sycomorus antiquorum Gasp.

AFRIKAANS :  Gewone Trosvy.

ARABIC :  Gummayz.

CROATIAN :   Egipcijanska smokva, Sikomora.

DANISH :   Morbærfigen.

ENGLISH :  Common cluster fig, Egyptian fig, Sycamore fig.

FRENCH :  Figuier d'Egypte, Figuier sycomore.

GERMAN :  Eselsfeige, Maulbeerfeige, Sykamorfeige,  Sykomore Feige.

HEBREW :  פיקוס השקמה  .

JAPANESE :   エジプトイチジク.

SERBIAN :  Egipatska smokva, Sikomora.

SPANISH :  Higuera loca, Sicomoro.

UNIDENTIFIED :  Ceekeyi nadayi (Senegal-West Africa),  Kamsaongo (Burkina-Faso),  Mbuyu (Tanzania), Ngowo (Kenya-East Africa), Woda (Ethiopia).


Photographs of leaves, fruits, and bark by Simon van Noort (Iziko South African Museum) and Jean-Yves Rasplus (INRA, France) at Iziko Museums of Cape Town.

Ficus sycomorus L. subsp. gnaphalocarpa (Miq.) C.C. Berg

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus gnaphalocarpa (Miq.) Steud. ex A. Rich., Ficus trachiphylla Miq., Sycomorus gnaphalocarpa Miq., Sycomorus trachyphylla Miq.

PORTUGUESE :  Figueira brava.

UNIDENTIFIED :   Kamsaongo (Burkina-Faso)


Ficus sycomorus L. subsp. sycomorus

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus chanas Forssk. , Ficus integrifolius Sim. , Sycomorus rigida Miq. , Sycomorus vera Forssk.
Ficus talbotii King

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus pierrei hort. ex Gentil

SANSKRIT : Parkataki, Plaksa, Plaksah, Plaksha..

TAMIL : Intiri, Itthi, Itti, Intiri, Kal ithi, Kalitti,  Kal itthii.



Ficus thonningii Blume

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus burkei (Miq.) Miq., Ficus chlamydodora Warb.,  Ficus dekdekena (Miq.) A. Rich.,  Ficus dusenii Warb., Ficus iteophylla Miq., Ficus microcarpa Vahl., Ficus punctata Miq. ex Chev.,  Ficus spragueana Mildbr. & Burret, Urostigma burkei Miq.,  Urostigma dekdekena Miq., Urostigma thonningii Miq.

AFRIKAANS :  Gewone Wildevy.

ARABIC :     تين طوننجي    .

CHINESE :    佟氏榕  Tong shi rong.

ENGLISH :  Chinese banyan, Common wild fig.

FRENCH :  Figuier à pagnes.

THAI :  Duea thao bai yai  (as F. punctata).

UNIDENTIFIED :   Gafula, Kafula, Kajimonsole (Western Tanzania), Mlumba (Tanzania), Mtamba (Tanzania), Mtobogolo (Western Tanzania), Mjigojigo (Western Tanzania),  Mvumo (Tanzania), Mulumba (Tanzania).

Ficus tinctoria G. Forst.

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus gibbosa Blume var. cuspidifera Miq. ?

BURMESE :  Mai hai sa pye, Mai hai, Nyaung thabye.

CHINESE :   梁料榕    Liang liao rong.

FRENCH :  Figuier de Birmanie, Figuier des teinturiers.

HINDI :  Chhanchri, Dadu, Sodaro.

KANNADA :  Goddumitle, Goli, kajji goli, Kal perukam,  Kanjigoli.

MALAYALAM :  Atti meer alou, Datir, Itthi, Tsjerou meer alou,

TAMIL :  Alrananji, Alvananki, Cuvakacakanti, Cuvatakanti, இத்தி   Itti, Ittimarap pattai, Kaliatthi, Kal itthi, Kallicci,  Kallitti , Katticci.

TELUGU :  Banda, Kappa, Karasa, Konda juvi, Tella barinka.
Ficus tinctoria G. Forst. subsp. gibbosa (Blume) Corner

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus gibbosa Blume

BURMESE : Mai hai sa pye, Mai hai, Nyaung thabye.

CHINESE :   斜叶榕     Xie ye rong.

MALAYALAM :  Ithi.

TAMIL : Intiri, Itti.


Ficus tinctoria G. Forst. subsp. parasitica (Willd.) Corner

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus parasitica Willd.

SANSKRIT : Udumbar.

Considered by some authors as a synonym of  Ficus tinctoria G. Forst. subsp. gibbosa (Blume) Corner

Ficus tinctoria G. Forst. subsp. tinctoria

CHINESE :  梁料 榕   Liang liao rong.


Ficus tomentosa Roxb. ex Willd.

ENGLISH :  Hill banyan.

HINDI :  बरुन  Barun.

KANNADA :  Kadugoni,  Kallatti.

MALAYALAM :  Kal al, Kallal.

MARATHI :  Kallu goli.

TAMIL :  Ichchi, Kal ichchi,   கல்லால்   Kallal, கல்லத்தி  Kallatti,  Kattarasu.

TELUGU :  Jivi, Juvvi, Kal juvi.


Considered as a synonym of  Ficus mollis Vahl. by IndFlora.
Ficus triangularis Warb.

CHINESE :    三角榕     (Hong Kong).

ENGLISH :   Triangular-leaved fig, Sweetheart tree (Hong Kong).

RUSSIAN :  Фикус треугольный .

Ficus trigonata L.

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus berteroi Warb. , Ficus crassinervia Desf. ex Willd. , Ficus eggersii Warb. , Ficus goldmanii Standl. , Ficus hartii Warb. , Ficus mamillifera Warb. , Ficus mitrophora Warb. , Ficus stahlii Warb. , Ficus williamsii Standl. , Ficus yoponensis Desv. , Ficus yucatanensis Standl.

ENGLISH :  Black fig,  Wild fig (Puerto Rico).

FRENCH :  Figuier rouge, Figue rouge, Figuier (Haiti),  Figuier maudit (Martinique)

SPANISH :  Amate, Chimón, Higo (Guatemala),  Higo cimarrón, Higo matapalo (Dominican Republic),  Jagüey (Cuba, Puerto Rico),  Jagüey blanco (Puerto Rico),  Jagüey macho (Cuba).
Ficus utilis Sim.

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus  nekbudu Warb.


Ficus variegata Blume

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus chlorocarpa Benth., not Miq., Ficus garciae Elmer,  Ficus glochidiifolia Hayata,  Ficus konishii Hayata, Ficus variegata Blume var. chlorocarpa (Benth.) King, Ficus variegata Blume var. garciae (Elmer) Corner

CHINESE :  幹花榕 (as var. garciae),  青果榕 ,  杂色榕     Za se rong.

ENGLISH :  Common red stem fig, Variegated fig, Variegated rubber plant.

Ficus villosa Blume

ENGLISH :  Shaggy leaf fig, Shaggy-leaved fig.


Ficus virens Aiton

SYNONYM(S) :  Ficus infectoria auct.

BENGALI :  Pakar.

BURMESE :  Hpak hi, Hyaung pan, Nyaung gyin, Nyaung shin (Nyaung chin).

CHINESE :   黄葛树     Huang ge shu.

ENGLISH :   Spotted fig.

GERMAN : Java-Weide, Würgefeige.

GUJARATI :  Pepri.

HINDI :  Gasti,  Kahimal, Kaim, Khabar, Keol, Pakar, Pilkhan, Ramanjir.

KANNADA :  Basari, Basarigoli, Basarimara, Juvvi, Kabbasari, Kari basari, Karibasri, Matai ichchi, Plaksha, Ulabasari.

MALAY :  Ampulu (Indonesia), Ara nasi, Bulu bras (Java), Wunut baygu (Java).

MALAYALAM :  Bakri, Chakkila, Cherala, Cherla, Chuvannal, Itti, Jati.

MARATHI :   Bassari, Dhedumbara, Gandhaumbara, Lendwa, Pakari, Pepar.

NEPALESE :  Safedkabra.

PUNJABI :   Bathar, Janglipipli, Pakhar, Palakh, Palkhi, Pilkhan, Pilkin.

SANSKRIT :  Ashvatthi, Charudarshani, Dridhapraroha, Gardabhanda, Jati, Kandaralu, Karpari, Parkati, Pimpari, Plaksha,     Plaksa, Plavaka, Shringi, Suparshva, Varohashakhi, Vati.


SINHALESE :   Kalaha, Kiripella.

TAMIL :  Jovi, Kallal, Kurugatti, Kurugu, Matai ichchi, Suvi.

TELUGU :  Badijuvi, Banda juvvi, Jati, Jatti, Juvvi.

URDU :  Pakharia.


Many of the above names may apply to Ficus infectoria.
Also USDA GRIN places F. lacor among the synonyms of F. virens. This may explain the vernacular names common to both species.
Ficus virgata Reinw. ex Blume

CHINESE :   島榕 , 白 肉榕   Bai rou rong.

ENGLISH :  White fig tree.

JAPANESE :   ハマイヌビワ  Hama inu biwa.

Ficus wightiana (Miq.) Wall. ex Benth.

SYNONYM(S) :   Ficus virens Ait. var. wightiana (Miq.) V. Chithra , Urostigma wightianum Miq.

CHINESE :  雀榕  (Taiwan).

ENGLISH :  Grey fig, White fig.






HOW TO CITE THIS PAGE / COLLECTION OF RECORDS

Porcher Michel H. et al.  1995 - 2020, Sorting Ficus Names. Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database - A Work in Progress. Published by The University of Melbourne. Australia. < http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Ficus.html > (2010).

 

 

REFERENCES
General Bibliography
+
REFERENCES
Online
+
REFERENCES
Specific & complementary



Cintia Gamarra Rojas, 2005, Checklist das Plantas do Nordeste - Versão I - 2005. < http://umbuzeiro.cnip.org.br/db/pnechk/taxa/10413.html >. CGR

FRLHT, 2002 - 2005,   Encyclopedia on Indian Medicinal Plants - designed to provide access to FRLHT’s multi-disciplinary database through structured queries. Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions (FRLHT). < http://encyclopedia.frlht.org.in >. English, Arabic, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Persian, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu, Tibetan, and Urdu.

Grandtner Miroslav M. , 2005,   World Dictionary of Trees,  Wood and Forest Sciences Department, Faculty of Forestry and Geomatics, Laval University, Quebec, Canada. < http://www.wdt.qc.ca/ >.

IndFlora, 2001-2004, (a work in progress).  NCL Center for Biodiversity Informatics (Copyright NCL, India). This site is developed and maintained by Information Division of the National Chemical Laboratory (NCL), Pune, India.
< http://www.ncbi.org.in/biota/flora/index.html >.  IndFlora

IPNI, 2005, International Plant Names Index. < http://www.ipni.org/ipni/plantnamesearchpage.do >.  IPNI

NCL, 2002 - 2004, IndFlora. Center for Biodiversity Informatics, India. <  http://www.ncbi.org.in/biota/flora/  >. (English, Latin, most romanised Indian languages).

Oudhia Pankaj, 2004, Bar or Bargad (Ficus benghalensis L). NewCROP Resource Online Program, Center for New Crops & Plant Procucts, Purdue University. USA. < http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/CropFactSheets/ficus.html >.

Palli Francesca, 2006, Arbres de la Martinique, Les arbres de la Forêt Martiniquaise - Répertoire complet. < http://www.palli.ch/~kapeskreyol/divers/arbres.html >.

Sang Hoon Jean, 1996 - 2005,  Cosnet CNPD (Plant Database).  < http://www.cosnet.pe.kr/_CNPD/ >.

S.N.M. 2003 - 2005, Botanical Exploration in Myanmar Project (Collaborative effort from the U.S. National Herbarium, the Forest Department of Myanmar, and the University of Yangon). Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. < http://persoon.si.edu/myanmar/searches/ >. (2400 generic names sorted on botanical families).
A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs, and Climbers of Myanmar.  Common Names Appendix.  < http://persoon.si.edu/myanmar/searches/commonNameFrames.cfm >. (Burmese, Latin)

Sreedharan T. P. 2004, Biological Diversity of Kerala: A survey of
Kalliasseri panchayat, Kannur district. Discussion Paper No. 62. Kerala Research Programme on Local Level Development. Centre for Development Studies. Prasanth Nagar, Ulloor. Thiruvananthapuram.  ISBN No: 81-87621-65-6. < http://krpcds.org/publication/downloads/62.pdf >. (romanised Malayalam)

USDA, ARS, 2005, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/tax_search.pl?ficus  (20 January 2005) GRIN


台北植物園導覽說明. 林業試驗所台北植物園植物名錄. 雙 子葉植物(Dicotyledones). Moraceae　桑科.  < http://www.tfri.gov.tw/tbg/tbgdi70.htm >.

恆春熱帶植物園植物園導覽說明. 林業試驗所恆春熱帶植物園植物名錄. 雙子葉植物(Dicotyledons).  Moraceae　桑科.  < http://www.tfri.gov.tw/hc-station/d56.htm >.

 

Contributors to this page (Personal communication) :   Amgad Elmahdi, Dinesh Valke.

 


Notes

All these names appear uncertain. Our superficial understanding is that  Ficus tomentosa Roxb. ex Willd. is a species from India. Indeed IndFlora list it as a synonym of   Ficus mollis Vahl.
We could not confirm if  Ficus tomentosa Herb. Madr. ex Wall. is a synonym of  Ficus mysorensis Heyne ex Roth and therefore of  Ficus drupacea Thunb. We could not confirm if as stated by IPNI  Ficus tomentosa Miq.  is a synonym of  Ficus tomentella Miq. On the other hand Ficus tomentella (Miq.) Miq. as well as Ficus trigonata L. may well be synonyms of  Ficus crocata (Miq.) Miq.  as stated by  Cintia Gamarra Rojas but we haven't been able to confirm that either with another reference so far.

Cintia Gamarra Rojas, 2005, Checklist das Plantas do Nordeste - Versão I - 2005. < http://umbuzeiro.cnip.org.br/db/pnechk/taxa/10413.html >. CGR




back to Gateway , to list of notes

Date created: 08 / 01 / 2005
Authorised by
Last modified: 29  / 09 / 2013
Access: No restriction
Copyright © 1995 - 2020  Michel H. Porcher
Disclaimer