Capsicum frutescens L.

SYNONYM(S) : Capsicum fastigiatum, Capsicum minimum Roxb., Capsicum minimum Blanco, nom.illeg.

AFRIKAANS : Brand rissie.

ARABIC : Dâr fulful, Dar feller (Yemen), Filfil har (Irak) , Filfull harr (Lebanese), Filfilianhar, Felfel (Egypt).

ASSAMI : Jolokia.

AYMARA : Huayca.

BENGALI : Laka, Lanka marich, Morich, Lal marich.

BURMESE : Nga yut thee, Nil thee.

CHINESE : La jiao, Mi jiao, Ye la zi, Ye jiao zi.

CROATIAN : Paprika ljuta.

DANISH : Spanskpeber.

DUTCH : Spaanse peper.

ENGLISH : Bird pepper, Chili pepper, Goat pepper, Hot chili, Pungent pepper, Spur pepper, Chilli, Bird's-eye chilli, Cayenne pepper (ingredient - dried powder).

FINNISH : Chilipippuri.

FRENCH : Piment des oiseaux, Piment enragé.

GERMAN : Ziegenpfeffer, Vogelpfeffer, Roter Pfeffer, Chili Pfeffer.

GREEK : Kafstiki pipera (Cyprus).

GUJARATI : Marchu, Mirch, Mirchi.

HEBREW : Adom, Pilpel harif.

HINDI : Mirch, Lal mirch, Lalmirchi, Lankamirchi.

ITALIAN : Peperone acre, Peperone d'India, Peperone rabbioso, Pepe d'ucello, Pepe rosso picante, Peperoncino, Diavoletto, Pepperoncini (group name for all small peppers).

JAPANESE : Kidachi tougarashi.

KANNADA : Menshinkai, Menasina kayi, Menasina kai, Menashina kayi.

LAOTIAN : Mak phe kunsi.

MALAY (Indonesia) : Lombok cabai, Cabai merah, Cabai rawit.

MALAY (Malaysia) : Cili padi, Lada merah, Lada mira.

MALAYALAM : Mulagu, Mologu, Kapu mologu, Kappalmelaka.

NEPALI : Ratô khursani.

PERSIAN : Felfel.

PORTUGUESE : Pimentão (Brazil).

PUNJABI : Lal mircha.

ROMANIAN : Ardei iute.

RUSSIAN : Struchkovy pyerets.

SINHALESE : Gas miris, Rathu miris.

SLOVENIAN : Ostra paprika.

SPANISH : Ají, Chile, Guindilla, Pimienta picante.

SWAHILI : Pilipili, Piri piri, Peri peri.

SWEDISH : Chilipeppar, Spansk peppar.

TAGALOG : Sili, Sili pula, Siling labyo, Siling labuyo .

TAMIL : Mulagu .

TELUGU : Mirapakaya, Merapu kai .

THAI : Phrik kheenuu, Prik khee , Phrik kee fa , Phrik kee , Prik kee fah , Phrik kee nu, Phrik chee faa .

TURKISH : Dar biber.

URDU : Lal mirch, Lalmarach, Hari mirch, Gach mirch.

VIETNAMESE : .

Picture of typical fruit (from the Botanical Garden of Nijmegen 's Image Gallery)

Picture of fruit variations (from Texas AM Bioinformatics Working Group's Vascular Plant Image Gallery , a picture that will challenge people tempted to identify peppers by the shape of their fruits.

ENGLISH : Hot short pepper.

Picture (from the Botanical Garden of Nijmegen 's Image Gallery)

SYNONYM(S) : Capsicum baccatum L. var. baccatum

CHINESE : Wu se la jiao.

ENGLISH : Peruvian pepper, Bird pepper, Hot cherry pepper.

FRENCH : Piment ornemental du Pérou.

ENGLISH : Hot cherry pepper.

SYNONYM(S) : Capsicum conoides Roem. & Schult.

CHINESE : La jiao, Zhi tian jiao, Chao tian jiao, Chao tian la jiao, Chang bing jiao, Yuan zhui la jiao.

ENGLISH : Hot cone pepper, Hot bullet pepper, Cayenne pepper (ingredient - dried powder).

NEPALESE : Cucce khursaanii.

VIETNAMESE : .

SYNONYM(S) : Capsicum fasciculatum Bailey, Capsicum annuum L. var. annuum ( Fasciculatum Group), Capsicum annuum L. var. fasciculatum (Sturt.) Irish.

CHINESE : Chao tian fan jiao, Cu sheng jiao, Cu sheng la jiao.

ENGLISH : Cluster pepper, Red cluster pepper, Cayenne pepper (ingredient - dried powder).

JAPANESE : Yatsubusa, Santaka.

VIETNAMESE : -.

SYNONYM(S) : Capsicum frutescens L. ('Tabasco Group), Capsicum frutescens L. cv. 'Tabasco'.

CHINESE : La jiao you.

ENGLISH : Tabasco pepper.

VIETNAMESE : .

Andrews Jean, Dr., 1995, Peppers - The Domesticated Capsicums, University of Texas Press, Austin, USA. (English, Latin with authority names, Quechuan, Spanish, extremely detailed descriptions of cultivars)

Bederski Stefan, 1998, Peruvian Ají Descriptions, Thomas J. Payne Market Development. http://www.tjpmd.com/aji1.htm

Bedevian A. K. 1936, Illustrated Polyglottic Dictionary of Plant Nmaes, Argus & Papazian Presses, Cairo. (Latin, Arabic, Armenian, English, French, German, Italian, Turkish).

Breen Jim Prof., 1994 - 1997 KANJI On-line Dictionary. (Japanese-hiragana-kanji-katakana-romaji).

Caselton Graeme, 1998, Chile Pepper Varieties, http://easyweb.easynet.co.uk/~gcaselton/chile/variety.html

Caselton Graeme, 1998, Chile Peppers, List of common names and synonyms (35 languages).

Clason W. E. 1989, Elsevier's Dictionary of Wild and Cultivated Plants, Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. Latin (no authority name), Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, Spanish.

Compiling Group 1981, A Classified and Illustrated Chinese - English Dictionary, Guangzhou Institute of Foreign Languages, Guangdong People's Publishing House. (Chinese-simplified, English, Latin).

Creber G. & Wrobel M. 1996, Elsevier's Dictionary of Plant Names, Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. Latin (no authority name), English, French, German, Italian.

deWitt Dave & Gerlach Nancy, 1990, The Whole Chile Pepper Book, Little, Brown & Company, Toronto, Canada.

ECHO-EURODICAUTOM, On-line Technical Dictionary in 11 languages provided by Information Market Europe, served by The University of Frankfurt, maintained by Jens Kurlanda. (Latin, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish).

EUTERPE, European Parliament, TRADOS MultiTerm Web Interface in 12 languages. (Latin, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish).

FLORA EUROPAEA, 1998, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, United Kingdom. (Latin with authority names).

Friedl Jeffrey, 1994 - 1997, Japanese <-> English On-Line Dictionary. (Japanese-hiragana-kanji-katakana-romaji).

Hong Kong Herbarium, 1978, Check List of Hong Kong Plants, Agriculture & Fisheries Department Bulletin n°1. (Chinese-traditional, Latin with authority names).

I. S. T. A. Nomenclature Committee, 1982, A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names, Field Crops, Grasses & Vegetables, Second Edition, International Seed Testing Association, Zürich, Switzerland. (35 languages).

Kress Henriette, 1994 - 1998, On Line Plant Name Database. English, Finnish, French, German, Latin (no authority name), Swedish.

Macura P. 1982, Elsevier's Dictionary of Botany, II General Terms, Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. English, French, German, Russian.

Motosuke Suzuki, 1970, Practical Dictionary of Agricultural English, Noogyootosho Co. Ltd. Tokyo. (English, Japanese-kanji, Japanese-katakana).

Pham-hoang Ho, 1993, An Illustrated Flora of Vietnam, Tome II, Fascicule 2, Montréal. (Latin with authority names, French, English, Vietnamese, text in Vietnamese, some in English).

Solomon Jim, 1998, W³TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden's VAST (VAScular Tropicos) nomenclatural database and associated authority files. (Latin with authority names).

Sugahara Tatsuyuki et al. 1992, New Edition of an Illustrated Encyclopedia of Japanese Ingredients, Kenpakusha. (Latin with authority names, Japanese-hiragana, Japanese-katakana , Japanese-kanji, text in Japanese).

Tanaka Tyôzaburô, 1976, Tanaka's Cyclopedia of Edible Plants of the World, Edited by Sasuke Nakao, Keigaku Publishing Co. Tokyo, Japan. (Latin with authority names, English, French, German, Hindi, Japanese-romaji).

Vaucher H. 1986, Elsevier's Dictionary of Trees and Shrubs, Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. Latin (with authority names), English, French, German, Italian.

Wiersema John H. Dr, 1997, USDA-ARS GRIN database. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/tax_search.pl? (A number of languages, some romanised, Latin with authority names).

Xie Zongwa & Yu Youqin (Editors), 1996, Materia Medica, Chinese Terminology, Vol. 1, Renminweisheng Publishing House Beijing, China. (Latin with authority names and Chinese-simplified, text in Chinese).

General Bibliography Thousands of names can be found in hundreds of books. This is only a selection.

Avinash Chopde 1998, ITRANS transliteration package to download or use on-line. Applies to most main languages from India. Links to very useful transliteration tables.

Caselton Graeme, 1998, Capsicum Varieties Database. A scientifically-based site specialised in peppers. The most comprehensive listing of pepper cultivars (mostly American) on the www in1998.

Jeffrey Friedl , 1994 - 1997 , Japanese <-> English Dictionary. Probably the most comprehensive resource of all on-line resources for any given language.

Jeffrey Friedl (jfriedl@ora.com) 1994 - 1998, Kanji Lookup An extremely useful resource not limited to Japanese but relevant to Chinese and Korean languages.

Jeyachandran Kopinath 1995 - 1998, Tamil language resources, including transliteration tables & sounds.

Mike Bowers 1996 - 1998, Chile - Heads. A site specialised in peppers. Includes a photo gallery, useful links to culinary tips, etc.

Yamada Language Center 1995 - 1998, Font Archive University of Oregon. Foreign Fonts for both Macintosh and PC and languages resources.

Yvan Terra d'Ys, 1997, Arabic Alphabet. Syria On Line. Arabic characters in GIF form linked to corresponding sounds.

1. No doubt some of the synonyms are under the wrong botanical names which ones ?

2. Where would you place the following names and groups of names, under which botanical names ? What are the correct transliterations / romanisations ?

Date created: 22 / 07 / 1997
Authorised by Prof. Snow Barlow
Last modified: 14 / 11 / 1998
Access: No restriction
Copyright © 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, The University of Melbourne.
Maintained by: Michel H. Porcher
E-Mail: m.porcher@landfood.unimelb.edu.au