Species on this page ( A = names approved by most authorities, s = approved as synonyms) :

 
• Trifolium agrarium L. nom. ambig. -> Trifolium aureum Pollich
• Trifolium agrarium sensu. auct. -> Trifolium campestre Schreb.
• Trifolium alexandrinum L. A
• Trifolium alexandrium L. -> Trifolium alexandrinum L.
• Trifolium alpestre L. A
• Trifolium alpestre Müll. -> Trifolium medium L.
• Trifolium alpinum L. A
• Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.
  
• Trifolium angustifolium L.
• Trifolium arvense L.
• Trifolium aureum Pollich
• Trifolium badium Schreb.
• Trifolium baeticum Boiss.    ->  Trifolium pratense L. var. sativum Schreb.
• Trifolium balansae Boiss.
• Trifolium campestre Schreb.
• Trifolium desvauxii Boiss. & Blanche   ->   Trifolium purpureum Loisel. var. desvauxii (Boiss. & Blanche) Post
• Trifolium dubium Sibth. A
• Trifolium eximium DC.
• Trifolium expansum Waldst. & Kit.  ->    Trifolium pratense L. var. americanum Harz
• Trifolium flexuosum Jacq . -> Trifolium medium L.
• Trifolium filiforme L. -> Trifolium micranthum Viv.
• Trifolium filiforme sensu auct. -> Trifolium dubium Sibth.
• Trifolium formosum Curt ex DC. -> Trifolium resupitanum L.
• Trifolium formosum Urv. -> Trifolium dasyurum C. Presl
• Trifolium fragiferum L. A
• Trifolium glomeratum L.
• Trifolium grandiflorum Hook. & Arn.  ->  Trifolium polymorphum Poir.
  
• Trifolium grandiflorum Ledeb.  ->  Trifolium eximium DC.
• Trifolium grandiflorum Schreber
• Trifolium hirtum All. A
• Trifolium hybridum L. A
• Trifolium hybridum L. subsp. elegans (Savi) Asch. & Graebn.
• Trifolium incarnatum L. A
• Trifolium laevigatum Desf.   ->   Trifolium strictum L.
• Trifolium laevigatum Poiret   ->    Trifolium strictum L.
• Trifolium lappaceum L. A
• Trifolium latifolium (Hook.) Greene
• Trifolium latinum Sebast. -> Trifolium alexandrinum L.
• Trifolium loiseleurii Rouy   ->    Trifolium purpureum Loisel. var. purpureum 
  
• Trifolium lupinaster L. 
• Trifolium medium L. A
• Trifolium medium Jacq. Information needed -> Trifolium medium L.
• Trifolium medium Griseb. Information needed
• Trifolium michelianum Savi  
• Trifolium michelianum Savi var. balansae (Boiss.) Azn.  ->   Trifolium  balansae Boiss.
• Trifolium michelianum Savi var. michelianum
• Trifolium micranthum Viv.
• Trifolium montanum L.
• Trifolium nigrescens Viv.
• Trifolium nivale Arv.-Touv.  ->  Trifolium polymorphum Poir.
• Trifolium nivale Sieber ex W. D. J. Koch, nom. inval. -> Trifolium pratense L. var. villosum DC.
• Trifolium ochroleucon Huds.
• Trifolium ornithopodioides L.
• Trifolium pallescens Schreb.
• Trifolium pannonicum Jacq.
• Trifolium patens Schreb.
• Trifolium polymorphum Poir.
• Trifolium pratense L. A
• Trifolium pratense L. subsp. nivale (W.D.J. Koch) Arcang.
• Trifolium pratense L. subsp.  pratense
• Trifolium pratense L. var. americanum Harz
• Trifolium pratense L. var. frigidum Gaudin   ->   Trifolium pratense L. var. villosum DC.
• Trifolium pratense L. var. maritimum Zabel
• Trifolium pratense L. var. nivale W. D. J. Koch, nom. illeg.  ->   Trifolium pratense L. var. villosum DC.
• Trifolium pratense L. var. pratense
• Trifolium pratense L. var. sativum Schreb. A
• Trifolium pratense L. var. spontaneum Willk.  ->   Trifolium pratense L. var. pratense
• Trifolium pratense L. var. villosum DC.
• Trifolium procumbens L. -> Trifolium campestre Schreb.
• Trifolium procumbens sensu. auct. -> Trifolium dubium Sibth.
• Trifolium purpureum Loisel.
• Trifolium purpureum Loisel. var. desvauxii (Boiss. & Blanche) Post
• Trifolium purpureum Loisel. var. purpureum 
  
• Trifolium reflexum L.
• Trifolium repens L. A
• Trifolium repens L. var. giganteum Lagreze-Fossat
• Trifolium repens L. var. hibernicum
• Trifolium repens L. var. nigricans G. Don
• Trifolium repens L. var. purpureum
• Trifolium resupinatum L. A
• Trifolium rubens L. A
• Trifolium sativum (Schreb.) Crome -> Trifolium pratense L. var. sativum Schreb.
• Trifolium sativum (Schreb.) Crome ex Boenn. subsp. praecox Bobrov    ->  Trifolium pratense L. var. sativum Schreb.
• Trifolium sativum (Sturm.) Crome    ->  Trifolium pratense L. var. sativum Schreb.
• Trifolium sativum (Sturm.) Crome subsp. praecox Bobrov ->  Trifolium pratense L. var. sativum Schreb.
• Trifolium saxatile All.
• Trifolium scabrum L. A
• Trifolium semipilosum Fresen. A
• Trifolium semipilosum Fresen. var. glabrescens Gillett
• Trifolium semipilosum Fresen. var. semipilosum
• Trifolium spadiceum L.
• Trifolium speciosum Willd.   ->   Trifolium grandiflorum Schreber
• Trifolium squarrosum L.
• Trifolium stellatum L.
• Trifolium stoloniferum Muhl. ex Eaton A
• Trifolium striatum L. A
• Trifolium strictum L.
• Trifolium subterraneum L. A
• Trifolium variegatum Nutt.
• Trifolium variegatum Torrey & A. Gray
• Trifolium violaceum Davidoff  ->  Trifolium grandiflorum Schreber

Notes

SYNONYM(S) : Trifolium latinum Sebast. (Perhaps not a synonym)

CHINESE : Ai ji san ye cao.

CROATIAN : Aleksendrijska detelja.

DANISH : Aleksandrinerkløver, Aleksandriner-kløver, Ægyptisk kløver .

DUTCH : Alexandrijnse klaver, Alexandrijnse klaver (Belgium).

ENGLISH : Egyptian clover, Berseem clover.

ESTONIAN : Aleksandria ristik.

FINNISH : Egyptinapila.

FRENCH : Trèfle d'Alexandrie, Bersim.

GERMAN: Alexandriner Klee, Alexandrinischer Klee,  Ägyptischer Klee.

GREEK :  Τριφύλλι το Αλεξανδρινο  Trifilli to Aleksandrino.

HEBREW :   תלתן אלכסנדרוני    Tiltan Alexandroni.

HUNGARIAN : Alexandriai here, Egyiptomi here.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio d'Alessandria, Trifoglio alessandrino, Trifoglio egiziano, Bersim.

JAPANESE :   ト リフォリウム・アレクサンドリヌム   Toriforiumu arekusandorinumu.

POLISH : Koniczyna Egipska.

PORTUGUESE : Trevo da Alexandria, Trevo de Alexandria,  Bersim.

RUSSIAN :  Клевера александрийского  Klevera aleksandriiskogo,  Клевер Aлександрийский  Klever Aleksandrijskij,   Клевера египетский   Klever egipetskii.

SPANISH : Trébol de Alejandria, Trébol alejandrino.

SWEDISH : Alexandrinerklöver.

DANISH : Skov-kløver.

ENGLISH : Purple globe clover.

ESTONIAN : Alpi ristik.

FINNISH : Pyökkiapila.

FRENCH : Trèfle alpestre.

GERMAN: Hügel Klee.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio alpestre.

POLISH : Koniczyna dwukłosowa.

RUSSIAN :   Клевер альпийский    Klever al'piiskii .

SWEDISH : Alpklöver ?

SYNONYM(S) : Lupinaster alpinus (L.) C. Presl

ESTONIAN : Alpiinne ristik.

FRENCH : Trèfle des Alpes.

GERMAN: Alpen-Klee.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio alpino.

RUSSIAN :  Клевер альпийский  Klever al'piiskii .

SWEDISH : Alpklöver ?

SYNONYM(S) : Amoria ambigua M. Bieb.

ENGLISH : Caucasian clover, Honey clover, Kura, Kura clover, Pellett clover.

FRENCH : Trèfle du Caucase.

FRENCH : Trèfle à feuilles étroites.

GERMAN: Schmalblättriger Klee.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio angustifoglio.

JAPANESE :   ト ガリバツメクサ  Togariba tsume kusa.

RUSSIAN :   Клевер узколистный   Klever uzkolistnyi.

SWEDISH : Luddklöver.

SYNONYM(S) : Trifolium agrestinum Boreau, Trifolium gracile Thuill.

DANISH : Harekløver.

DUTCH :  Hazepootje.

ENGLISH : Hare-foot clover, Hare's foot clover, Rabbit-foot clover, Rabbit's foot clover, Stone clover, Pussy clover (Aust.).

ESTONIAN : Kassiristik.

FINNISH : Jänön apila, Jänönapila.

FRENCH : Trèfle des champs, Pied de lièvre.

GERMAN: Acker Klee, Hasen Klee, Maeuse-Klee, Stein-Klee.

GREEK :  Τριφύλλι το αρουραίο    Trifilli to aruraio.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio arvense, Pie di leper.

JAPANESE :  シャ グマハギ  Shagumahagi.

NORWEGIAN : Hareklöver.

POLISH : Koniczyna polna.

PORTUGUESE : Pé de lebre.

RUSSIAN :  Клевер  котики  Klever  kotiki,  Клевер пашенный  Klever pashennyi.

SWEDISH : Harklöver.

 VIETNAMESE :  Cỏ ba lá chân thỏ.

Illustration from LIBER HERBARUM II.

Photograph (close-up) of flower by Charles Lewallen at Oklahoma Wild Flowers.

SYNONYM(S) :    Astracantha aurea (Willd.) Podlech, Astragalus macropodius E. Fish., Chrysaspis aurea (Pollich.) Greene, Trifolium agrarium L. nom. ambig. , Trifolium strepens Crantz

CHINESE : Jin san ye cao.

DANISH : Humle-kløver.

DUTCH :  Akkerklaver.

ENGLISH : Golden trefoil, Large hop clover, Large trefoil.

ESTONIAN : Kuldristik.

FINNISH : Kelta-apila, Gull-apila.

FRENCH : Trèfle doré, Trèfle agraire.

GERMAN: Gold-Klee.

GREEK :   Τριφύλλι το αγροτικό   (perhaps misapplied due to botanical Latin confusion).

ITALIAN : Trifoglio aureo, Trifoglio d'oro.

JAPANESE :   テ マリツメクサ  Temari tsume kasa.

NORWEGIAN : Gul klöver.

POLISH : Koniczyna złocistożółta.

RUSSIAN :  Клевер золотистый  Klever  zolotistyi.

SWEDISH : Gullklöver.

FRENCH : Trèfle brun.

GERMAN: Braun-Klee.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio bruno.

POLISH : Koniczyna brunatna.

SWEDISH : Humleklöver.

ENGLISH : Balansa clover.

SYNONYM(S) :  Chrysaspis campestris (Schreb.) Desv., Trifolium procumbens L.

CHINESE : Huang san ye cao, Huang hua san ye cao, Xiao huang san ye cao.

DANISH : Udstrakt kløver.

DUTCH : Liggende klaver.

ENGLISH : Hop clover, Hop trefoil.

ESTONIAN : Lamav ristik.

FINNISH : Rentoapila.

FRENCH : Trèfle couché, Trèfle jaune, Petit trèfle d'or (?), Trèfle des champs.

GERMAN : Acker-Klee, Gelber Acker-Klee, Feldklee, Feld Klee, Liegender Klee, Told Klee.

GREEK :   Τριφύλλι το αγροτικό   Trifilli to agrotiko, Τριφύλλι το κατακείμενο    Trifilli to katakkimeno.

HEBREW :  Tiltan chaklai.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio giallo, Trifoglio olandese , Trifoglio campestre.

JAPANESE :   ホッ プツメクサ  Hoppu tsume kusa,  ク スダマツメクサ  Kusudama tsume kusa.

POLISH : Koniczyna różnoogonkowa.

RUSSIAN :   Клевер полевой   Klever polevoi.

SPANISH : Trébol amarillo, Trébol del campo.

SWEDISH : Jordklöver.

VIETNAMESE :   Cỏ ba lá hoa vàng, Cỏ ba lá hublông.

SYNONYM(S) : Trifolium minus Smith, Trifolium filiforme sensu auct.

CHINESE :   黃 菽草  Xxx shu cao  (Taiwan),  Xian san ye cao, Xian ye san ye cao.

DANISH : Fin kløver.

DUTCH : Kleine klaver .

ENGLISH : Low hop clover, Small hop clover, Yellow clover, Suckling clover, Yellow suckling clover, Lesser trefoil, Shamrock.

ESTONIAN : Väike ristik.

FINNISH : Pikkuapila.

FRENCH : Trèfle douteux, Trèfle étalé, Trèfle filiforme.

GERMAN : Faden Klee, Zweifelhafter Klee (Switzerland), Gelber Wiesen-Klee, Zwerg-Klee.

GREEK :  Τριφύλλι το νηματοειδές   Trifilli to nimatoides.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio filiforme, Trifoglio dubbio.

JAPANESE :  キバ ナツメクサ Kibana tsume kusa, コゴメツメクサ Kogome tsume kusa,  コメツブツメクサ  Kometsubu tsume kusa.

POLISH : Koniczyna drobnogłówkowa.

SPANISH : Trébol Amarillo, Trébol filiforme.

SWEDISH : Trådklöver.

VIETNAMESE :  Cỏ ba lá hoa vàng.

Photograph (close-up) of flower by Charles Lewallen at Oklahoma Wild Flowers.

SYNONYM(S) :   Amoria bonannii (J. Presl & C. Presl) Roskov,  Amoria fragifera (L.) Roskov, Galearia fragifera (L.) C. Presl, Trifolium bonannii J. Presl & C. Presl,  Trifolium fragiferum L. subsp. bonannii (J. Presl & C. Presl) Soják,  Trifolium neglectum C. A. Mey.

CHINESE : Cao mei san ye cao, 草莓车轴草  Cao mei che zhou cao.

DANISH : Jordbær-kløver.

DUTCH : Aardbeiklaver.

ENGLISH : Strawberry clover, Strawberry-headed clover, Large trefoil.

ESTONIAN : Randristik.

FINNISH : Rakkoapila, Ranta-apila.

FRENCH : Trèfle fraise, Trèfle porte-fraise.

GERMAN : Erdbeerklee, Erdbeer-Klee.

GREEK :  Τριφύλλιον ο χαμαικέρασος    Trifillion to xamaikepasos.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio fragifero, Trifoglio a fragola.

JAPANESE :  スト ロベリークローバー  Sutoroberii kuroobanaa,  ツメクサダマシ  Tsume kusa dama.

NORWEGIAN : Jordbærklöver .

POLISH : Koniczyna rozdęta.

RUSSIAN :   Амория земляничная    Amoriia zemlianichnaia,   Клевер земляничный  Klever zemlianichnyi (Klever zemljaničnyj, Klever zemlyanichnyi).

SPANISH : Trébol fresero, Trébol frutilla (Argentina), Trébol fresa (Mexico).

SWEDISH : Smultronklöver, Blåsklöver.

UKRAINIAN :  Koniushina sunitzevidna.

POLISH : Koniczyna rozdęta typowa.

SYNONYM(S) : Trifolium axillare Philippi, Amoria glomerata (L.) Sojak

ENGLISH : Ball clover, Cluster clover, Clustered clover.

FINNISH : Tiheäkukka-apila.

FRENCH : Trèfle aggloméré.

GERMAN : Knäuel-Klee, Geknäuel Klee.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio agglomerato, Trifoglio glomerato.

JAPANESE :   ダ ンゴツメクサ  Dango tsume kusa.

RUSSIAN :   Клевер скученный  Klever skuchennyi.

SWEDISH : Nystklöver.

ENGLISH :  Large-flowered hop clover.

ENGLISH : Rose clover.

FRENCH : Trèfle hérissé.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio irto.

RUSSIAN :   Клевер мохнатый   Klever mokhnatyi.

SPANISH : Trébol rósa.

SWEDISH : Rosenklöver.

SYNONYM(S) :  Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl

CHINESE : Za san ye cao, 杂 种车轴草   Za zhong che zhou cao.

DANISH : Alsike-kløver, Alsikekløver.

DUTCH : Alsikeklaver, Bastaardklaver, Zweedse klaver.

ENGLISH : Alsike clover, Hybrid clover, Swedish clover.

ESTONIAN : Roosa ristik.

FINNISH : Alsikeapila, Alsike-apila.

FRENCH : Trèfle bâtard, Trèfle hybride, Trèfle de Suède.

GERMAN : Bastardklee, Bastard-Klee, Schwedenklee , Schweden-Klee.

GREEK :   Τριφύλλι το υβρίδιο   Trifilli to ivridio.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio ibrido.

JAPANESE :  アル サイククローバ   Arusaiku kuroba,    タチオランダゲンゲ   Tachi oranda genge.

POLISH : Koniczyna białoróżowa, Koniczyna szwedzka.

PORTUGUESE : Trevo-híbrido.

RUSSIAN :   Клевер гибридный  Klever gibridnyi,  Клевер розовый     Klever rozovyi.

SPANISH : Trébol bastardo, Trébol hibrido, Trébol negro, Trébol sueco.

NORWEGIAN : Alsikeklöver.

SWEDISH : Alsikeklöver.

VIETNAMESE :  Cỏ ba lá Alsike, Cỏ ba lá Thụy Điển.

Photograph (close-up) of flower by Charles Lewallen at Oklahoma Wild Flowers.

SYNONYM(S) :   Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl subsp. elegans (L.) C. Presl (Savi) Sojak

FRENCH : Trèfle élégant.

GERMAN : Zierlicher Klee..

ITALIAN : Trifoglio elegante.

JAPANESE :   ト リフォリウム・ヒブリドゥム・エレガンス  Toriforiumu hiburidommu eregansu.

POLISH : Koniczyna białoróżowa nadobna.

RUSSIAN :   Клевер изящный   Klever iziashchnyi.

SWEDISH : Liten alsikeklöver.

JAPANESE :   ト リフォリウム・ヒブリドゥム  Toriforiumu hiburidommu .

POLISH : Koniczyna białoróżowa typowa.

SWEDISH : Vanlig alsikeklöver.

CHINESE : Jiang san ye cao,  绛车轴草  Jiang che zhou cao.

DANISH : Blod-kløver, Blodkloever.

DUTCH : Inkarnaatklaver, Incarnaatklaver (Belgium).

ENGLISH : Crimson clover, Italian clover.

ESTONIAN : Kahkjaspunane ristik.

FINNISH : Veriapila.

FRENCH : Trèfle incarnat, Trèfle du Rousillon, Farouche.

GERMAN : Inkarnatklee, Inkarnat-Klee, Blut-Klee.

GREEK :  Τριφύλλι το σαρκόχρουν    Trifilli to sarkokhrun.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio incarnato.

JAPANESE :   ベ ニバナツメクサ  Beni bana tsume kusa,  クリムソンクローバー   Kurimuson kuroobaa.

POLISH :  Koniczyna inkarnatka, Koniczyna krwistoczerwona.

PORTUGUESE : Trevo-encarnado, Trevo-vermelho.

RUSSIAN :   Kлевер мясокрасный    Klever miasokrasnyi,  Клевер пунцовый  Klever puntsovyi.

SPANISH : Trébol encarnado, Trébol rosado, Trébol del Rosellon.

SWEDISH : Blodklöver.

VIETNAMESE :  Cỏ ba lá hoa đỏ thẫm, Cỏ ba lá Italy.

Photograph (close-up) of flower by Charles Lewallen at Oklahoma Wild Flowers.

SYNONYM(S) :   Trifolium incarnatum L. var. elatius Gib. & Belli, Trifolium incarnatum L. var. sativum Ducom.

POLISH :  Koniczyna inkarnatka typowa.

SYNONYM(S) :  Trifolium incarnatum L. subsp. molineri (Balb. ex Hornem.) Syme, Trifolium incarnatum L. var. molinerii (Balb. ex Hornem.) DC., Trifolium molinerii Balb. ex Hornem., Trifolium stramineum Presl

FRENCH : Trèfle de Molineri.

GERMAN : Molineris Klee.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio di Molineri.

ENGLISH : Lappa clover, Burr-clover, Bur clover, Burdock clover.

FINNISH : Takiaisapila.

FRENCH :  Trèfle bardane.

GERMAN :   Kletten-Klee .

ITALIAN : Trifoglio bardana, Trifoglio lappaceo.

RUSSIAN :  Клевер репейниковый   Klever repeinikovyi.

SPANISH :  Trébol lapáceo.

SYNONYM(S) : Trifolium albans Loudon, Trifolium romanicum Brandza, Lupinaster purpurascens DC.

CHINESE :    野 火球  Ye huo qiu,  Ye che zhou cao .

ESTONIAN : Lupiin-ristik.

JAPANESE :   シャ ジクソウ  Shajikusou.

POLISH : Koniczyna łubinowata.

RUSSIAN :    Клевер люпиновый  Klever liupinovyi.

SYNONYM(S) : Trifolium alpestre Müll. , Trifolium flexuosum Jacq . , Trifolium medium Jacq.

DANISH : Bugtet kløver.

DUTCH : Bochtige klaver.

ENGLISH : Mammoth clover, Zigzag clover (USA), Zig-zag clover.

ESTONIAN : Keskmine ristik.

FINNISH : Metsäapila.

FRENCH : Trèfle flexueux, Trèfle intermédiaire.

GERMAN : Mittlerer Klee, Zickzack-Klee.

GREEK :  Τριφύλλι το διάμεσο    Trifilli to diameso.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio medio, Trifoglio intermedio.

POLISH : Koniczyna pogięta.

PORTUGUESE : Trevo-roxo.

RUSSIAN :   Клевер средний     Klever srednii.

SPANISH : Trébol intermedio, Trébol medio, Trébol zigzag.

SWEDISH : Skogsklöver.

VIETNAMESE :  Cỏ ba lá đồng cỏ, Cỏ ba lá dích dắc.

SYNONYM(S) : Trifolium filiforme L., Chrysaspis micrantha (Viv.) Hendrych

CHINESE : Xian san ye cao, Xian ye san ye cao.

DANISH : Spæd kløver.

ENGLISH : Lesser Suckling Clover, Slender Suckling Clover, Slender Trefoil.

FRENCH : Trèfle filiforme, Trèfle à petites fleurs.

GERMAN : Faden Klee.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio filiforme.

SYNONYM(S) :  Amoria montana (L.) Sojak ,  Trifolium celtibericum Pau

DANISH : Bjerg-kløver.

ESTONIAN : Mägiristik.

FINNISH : Mäkiapila.

FRENCH : Trèfle des montagnes.

GERMAN : Berg-Klee

ITALIAN : Trifoglio montano.

POLISH : Koniczyna pagórkowa.

RUSSIAN :    Амория горная  Amoriia gornaia, Клевер горный  Klever gornyi,  Клевер белоголовка   Klever belogolovka.

SWEDISH : Backklöver.

FRENCH : Trèfle noircissant .

GERMAN : Schwarzwerdender Klee

ITALIAN : Trifoglio annerente.

RUSSIAN :   Клевер ползучий  Klever polzuchii , Клевер белый Klever belyi .

ENGLISH :  Sulphur clover.

FRENCH : Trèfle jaunâtre.

GERMAN : Gelblicher Klee.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio bianco-giallo.

POLISH : Koniczyna żółtobiała.

SWEDISH : Blekklöver.

DUTCH : Vogelpootklaver.

ENGLISH :  Bird's-foot clover, Bird's-foot fenugreek.

FRENCH : Trèfle pâlissant.

GERMAN : Bleicher Klee.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio pallescente.

CHINESE : Xiong ya li san ye cao.

ENGLISH : Hungarian clover.

ESTONIAN : Ungari ristik.

FRENCH : Trèfle de Hongrie.

GERMAN : Pannonischer Klee, Ungarischer Klee.

GREEK :   Τριφύλλι της παννονίας   Trifilli tis pannonias.

POLISH : Koniczyna pannońska ,  Koniczyna wielkogłówkowa.

RUSSIAN :   Клевер паннонский    Klever pannonskii.

SPANISH : Trébol de Hungria.

SWEDISH : Ungersk klöver.

SYNONYM(S) : Chrysaspis patens (Schreber) Holub

FINNISH : Notkea-apila.

FRENCH : Trèfle étalé.

GERMAN : Südlicher Gold-Klee.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio patente.

POLISH : Koniczyna odstająca.

ENGLISH :  Peanut clover, Uruguayan clover.

FRENCH : Trèfle polymorphe d'Argentine.

ITALIAN : Amoria polimorfa.

PORTUGUESE : Trevo (Brazil), Trevo-polimórfo.

RUSSIAN : Амория полиморфная  Amoriia polimorfnaia.

SPANISH : Trébol común (North-Argentina), Trébol del Norte Argentino, Trébol forrajero.

CHINESE : Hong san ye cao,  红车轴草  Hong che zhou cao , 紅菽草  Hong shu cao (Taiwan),  Hong hua san ye cao, Hong che zhou cao (medicinal name).

DANISH : Rød-kløver, Rødkløver.

DUTCH : Rode klaver.

ENGLISH : Broad-leaved clover, Meadow clover, Red clover, Purple clover, Peavine clover.

ESTONIAN : Aasristik.

FINNISH : Puna-apila.

FRENCH : Trèfle rouge, Trèfle violet, Trèfle commun, Trèfle des prés.

GERMAN : Rotklee, Rot-Klee, Wiesen-Klee, Roter Wiesen-Klee.

GREEK :  Τριφύλλι το λειμώνιο    Trifilli to limonio.

HEBREW :   תלתן אדום    Tiltan ....

ITALIAN : Trifoglio violetto, Trifoglio pratense.

JAPANESE :  ムラ サキツメクサ  Murasaki tsume kusa,  Reddo kurooba,  アカクローバ  Aka kurooba,  アカツメクサ Aka tsume kusa.

NORWEGIAN : Rødkløver.

POLISH :  Koniczyna czerwona, Koniczyna łąkowa.

PORTUGUESE : Trevo-violeto, Trevo dos prados (Brazil).

RUSSIAN :   Клевер красный     Klever krasnyi,  Клевер луговой  Klever lugovoi.

SPANISH : Trébol común, Trébol rojo, Trébol violeto, Trébol de los prados (Mexico), Trébol morado.

SWEDISH : Rödklöver.

VIETNAMESE :  Cỏ ba lá hoa đỏ.

Photograph from the Flora of Karlsøy.
Photograph (close-up) of flower by Charles Lewallen at Oklahoma Wild Flowers.
Illustration from LIBER HERBARUM II.

FRENCH : Trèfle des neiges.

GERMAN : Schnee-Klee (Switzerland).

ITALIAN : Trifoglio nivale.

POLISH :   Koniczyna łąkowa typowa.

Possibly a synonym of  Trifolium pratense L. var. pratens

Possibly a synonym of  Trifolium pratense L. var. sativum

SWEDISH : Strandrödklöver.

SYNONYM(S) :  Trifolium fontanum Bobrov,  Trifolium pratense L. var. spontaneum Willk.

RUSSIAN :  Klever Klyuchevoi (as T. fontanum).

SWEDISH : Ängsrödklöver.

Possibly a synonym of  Trifolium pratense L. subsp. pratens

SYNONYM(S) :  Trifolium baeticum Boiss., Trifolium pratense L. var. sativum Sturm., Trifolium sativum (Schreb.) Crome, Trifolium sativum (Sturm.) Crome, Trifolium sativum (Schreb.) Crome ex Boenn. subsp. praecox Bobrov

ENGLISH : Cultivated clover.

FRENCH : Cultivated clover.

RUSSIAN :  Клевер красный     Klever krasnyi, Клевер посевной   Klever posevnoi.

SWEDISH : Foderrödklöver.

Possibly a synonym of  Trifolium pratense L. subsp. sativum

ENGLISH : Buffalo clover.

Photograph (close-up) of flower by Charles Lewallen at Oklahoma Wild Flowers.

SYNONYM(S) :   Amoria repens (L.) C. Presl, Trifolium nigrescens Schur, non Viv.

CHINESE : Bai san ye cao,  白车轴草   Bai che zhou cao,  Bai hua san ye cao,  San xiao cao (medicinal name), Bai che zhou cao (medicinal name), 菽草  Shu cao  (Taiwan).

DANISH : Hvid-kløver, Hvidkløver.

DUTCH : Witte klaver.

ENGLISH : Ladino clover, Dutch clover, White clover, White Dutch clover, Honeysuckle clover.

ESTONIAN : Valge ristik.

FINNISH : Valkoapila, Valkea-apila.

FRENCH : Trèfle blanc, Trèfle rampant.

GERMAN : Lämmer-Klee, Weissklee, Weiss-Klee, Kriechender Klee, Kriechender Weiss-Klee.

HEBREW :    תלתן זוחל   Tiltan zochel.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio bianco.

JAPANESE :   オ ランダゲンゲ  Oranda genge,   Shiro kuroobaa, Shiro kurooba, シロツメクサ  Shiro tsume kusa.

MALAY : Semanggi landa (Java).

NORWEGIAN : Hvitkløver, Hvid klöver ?

POLISH : Koniczyna biała , Koniczyną białą ,  Koniczyna rozesłana.

PORTUGUESE : Trevo-branco.

RUSSIAN :    Клевер белый   Klever belyi, Клевер ползучий    Klever polzuchii.

SPANISH : Trébol blanco, Trébol amargo, Trébol rastrero, Trébol de Holanda.

SWEDISH : Vitklöver.

THAI : Thua clover.

VIETNAMESE :  Chẻ ba, Cỏ ba lá Hà Lan, Cỏ ba lá hoa trắng.

Illustration from LIBER HERBARUM II.

Photograph (close-up) of flower by Charles Lewallen at Oklahoma Wild Flowers.

ENGLISH : Ornamental clover.

FRENCH : Trèfle ornemental.

ENGLISH : Ladino clover.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio ladino.

FRENCH : Trèfle prostré.

GERMAN : Niederliegender Weiss-Klee.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio prostrato.

SPANISH : Trébol rampante.

SYNONYM(S) :  Amoria resupinata (L.) Roskov,  Trifolium formosum Curt.ex DC.

DANISH : Omvendt kløver.

DUTCH : Omgekeerdbloemige klaver, Perzische klaver.

ENGLISH : Persian clover, Shaftal clover, Reversed clover, Bird-eye clover.

ESTONIAN : Pärsia ristik.

FINNISH : Tuoksuapila, Persianapila.

FRENCH : Trèfle renversé, Trèfle de Perse.

GERMAN : Persischer Klee.

GREEK :  Τριφύλλιον το ευειδές   Trifillion to euides, Τριφύλλιον το ύπτιον  Trifillion to iption .

HEBREW :  Tiltan hafuch, Tiltan parsi.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio persiano, Trifoglio persico, Trifoglio resupinato , Trifoglio risupinato.

JAPANESE :  ヒナ ツメクサ  Hina tsume kusa.

PORTUGUESE : Trevo da Pérsia.

RUSSIAN :   Клевер персидский      Klever persidskii ,  Клевер шабдар  Klever shabdar ,  Клевер опрокинутый  Klever oprokinutyi ,  Шабдар  Shabdar.

SPANISH : Trébol persa, Trébol de Persia.

SWEDISH : Doftklöver.

Photograph of infructescence (close-up) by Hugh Wilson at TAMU-BWG Digital Library - Vascular Plant Images.

Photograph of infructescence (side view) by Hugh Wilson at TAMU-BWG Digital Library - Vascular Plant Images.

SYNONYM(S) :  Trifolium suaveolens Willd.

POLISH :  Koniczyna perska,  Koniczyna skręcona większa.

SWEDISH : Stor doftklöver.

SWEDISH : Liten doftklöver.

ESTONIAN : Purpurristik.

FRENCH : Trèfle pourpre.

GERMAN : Purpur-Klee

ITALIAN : Trifoglio rosseggiante.

POLISH : Koniczyna długokłosowa.

SWEDISH : Purpurklöver.

FRENCH : Trèfle des rochers.

GERMAN : Stein-Klee.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio dei greti.

ENGLISH : Rough clover.

FINNISH : Karhea-apila.

FRENCH : Trèfle scabre.

GERMAN : Rauher Klee.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio scabro.

SWEDISH : Strävklöver.

SYNONYM(S) : Trifolium johnstonii sensu Edwards & Bogdan, Trifolium repens sensu Baker f.

ENGLISH : Kenya white clover, Kenya clover.

FRENCH : Trèfle africain.

SYNONYM(S) : Trifolium semipilosum Fresen. cv. ' Safari'

FRENCH : Trèfle "Safari".

SYNONYM(S) : Trifolium semipilosum Fresen. var. kilimanjaricum Baker, Trifolium semipilosum Fresen. var. microphyllum Chiov.

FRENCH : Trèfle du Kilimandjaro.

ESTONIAN : Pruun ristik.

FINNISH : Musta-apila.

FRENCH : Trèfle marron.

GERMAN : Brauner Moor-Klee.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio spadiceo.

POLISH : Koniczyna kasztanowata.

RUSSIAN :  Клевер каштановый  Klever kashtanovyi.

SWEDISH : Brunklöver.

RUSSIAN :   Клевер лохматый    Klever lokhmatyi ,   Клевер оттопыренный  Klever ottopyrennyi.

FRENCH :  Trèfle étoilé.

GERMAN :  Stern-Klee.

ITALIAN :  Trifoglio stellato.

PORTUGUESE :  Trevo-estrelado.

RUSSIAN :  Клевер звёздчатый   Klever zvezdchatyi .

SPANISH :  Trébol estrellado.

ENGLISH : Running buffalo clover.

RUSSIAN :   Клевер столононосный  Klever stolononosnyi.

SYNONYM(S) : Trifolium incanum C. Presl, Trifolium tenuiflorum Ten.

DANISH : Strimkløver, Stribet kløver

DUTCH : Gestreepte klaver.

ENGLISH : Knotted clover, Striate clover, Striated clover, Soft trefoil.

FINNISH : Juovikasapila.

FRENCH : Trèfle strié.

GERMAN : Streifen-Klee, Gestreifter Klee.

GREEK :   Τριφύλλι το γραμμωτό     Trifilli to grammoto.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio striato.

POLISH : Koniczyna kreskowana.

RUSSIAN :   Клевер ребристый  Klever rebristyi .

SWEDISH : Strimklöver.

Illustration from Flora Danica Online.

SYNONYM(S) : Trifolium laevigatum Desf., Trifolium laevigatum Poiret

ENGLISH : Upright clover.

FRENCH :  Trèfle droit, Trèfle raide, Trèfle stricte.

ITALIAN :  Trifoglio stretto.

SWEDISH : Styvklöver.

DUTCH : Onderaardse klaver, Ondergrondse klaver, Midzomerklaver.

ENGLISH : Sub-clover, Subterranean clover, Subclover (USA).

ESTONIAN : Maaristik.

FINNISH : Maa-apila.

FRENCH : Trèfle souterrain.

GERMAN: Erdklee, Bodenfrüchtiger Klee.

GREEK :   Τριφύλλι το υπόγειο    Trifillion to ipogio.

HEBREW :   תלתן תת-קרקעי    Tiltan tat-karkai.

ITALIAN : Trifoglio sotterraneo.

JAPANESE :   サ ブクローバ  Sabu kurooba,  サブタレニアンクローバ  Sabutarenian kurooba,  ジモグリツメクサ  Jimoguri tsume kusa.

POLISH :  Koniczyną perską.

PORTUGUESE : Trevo-subterrâneo..

RUSSIAN :   Клевер подземный   Klever podzemnyi.

SPANISH : Trébol subterráneo.

SWEDISH : Grävklöver.

SYNONYM(S) :  Amoria tomentosa (L.) Roskov, Trifolium curvisepalum Tackh.

ENGLISH : Woolly clover, Woolly-headed clover, Woolly trefoil.

HEBREW :    תלתן לביד   Tiltan ....      

JAPANESE :   フ ウセンツメクサ  Fuusen tsume kusa.

RUSSIAN :  Амория воилочная  Amoriia voilochnaia, Клевер воилочноволосистый  Klever voilochnovolosistyi.

SYNONYM(S) :  Trifolium geminiflorum Greene, Trifolium variegatum Torrey & A. Gray ?

ENGLISH : Whitetip clover (USA), White-tipped clover..

ENGLISH :  Arrowleaf clover (USA), Arrow-leaved clover.

HEBREW :   תלתן וסיקולוסום    Tiltan ......

Porcher Michel H. et al. 1995 - 2020, Sorting Trifolium Names. Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database   (M.M.P.N.D)  - A Work in Progress. School of Agriculture and Food Systems. Faculty of Land & Food Resources. The University of Melbourne. Australia.
< http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Trifolium.html > (2007).

Aeschimann (Dr.) et Heitz (Dr.). Index Synonymique de la Flore de Suisse et Territoires Limitrophes. Centre du Réseau Suisse de Floristique (CRSF). Botanical synonyms : < http://wwwcjb.unige.ch/rsf/sisf/frameset.htm >, Common names index (French, German, Italian) : < http://wwwcjb.unige.ch/rsf/sisf/index_2/frameset.htm >

Barnett A.G., Wilding J.L. & Amor R.L. 1998, Crop Weeds, R.G. and F.J. Richardson, Melbourne, Australia.

Barnett A.G. & Moerkerk M.R. 1998, More Crop Weeds, R.G. and F.J. Richardson, Melbourne, Australia.

Bilder ur Nordens Flora Index Swedish / Latin linked to descriptions in Swedish and illustrations. < http://www.lysator.liu.se/runeberg/nordflor/alfindex.html >

Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Finland ( based on Kurtto, A. & Lahti, T. 1987: Suomen putkilokasvien luettelo (Checklist of the vascular plants of Finland). - Pamphl. Bot. Mus. Univ. Helsinki 11: I.-VI + 1-163. - erroneous records of the 1987 list have not been corrected), Part III: Fabaceae to Cichoriaceae < http://www.helsinki.fi/kmus/chklst.htm >.

Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Estonia by Toomas Kukk. Estonian - Latin indexes, descriptions in Estonian.

EuroAsiaSoftware free dictionary tools. Simplified Chinese word compounds.< http://www.freechineselearning.com/dictionary/compounds.asp?id=8ECA >.

EuroDicAutom 2000, Multilingual Terminological Database, European Commission Translation Service. (12 languages of the European Community). < http://eurodic.echo.lu/cgi-bin/edicbin/EuroDicWWW.pl >.

FLORA DANICA Online A Project by The Danish National Library of Science and Medicine, sponsored by The Danish Ministry of Cultural Affairs. Search form: < http://cosmos.dnlb.dk:4505/ALEPH/-/start/DGD01 > (Multi-framed system required for good operation).

Flora for Karlsøy, < http://www.tjener.uninett.no/~karlsoy/flora/index.html > Index in Norwegian / Latin linked to photographs.

Gilad Ashkenazi, 2005,  Flora of Israel,  The University Botanical Gardens - Jerusalem . < http://www.botanic.co.il/A/holiday/IMGMAP/file38.HTML#TRITOM >.  Photos of many species of clover.

ILDIS 2007, (International Legume Database & Information Service).  ILDIS Coordinating Centre,   School of Plant Sciences at the University of Reading, UK. Web page created by Richard White on a server at Cardiff School of Computer Science.

Jones R.M. & Kersten S.M.M. 1992, Trifolium repens L. In: L.'t Mannetje & Jones R.M. (Editors) : Plant Resources of South-East Asia N°4 . Forages. Pudoc Scientific Publishers, Wageningen. pp 225 - 226.

Jones R.M. & Benjamin A.K. 1992, Trifolium semipilosum Fresen. In: L.'t Mannetje & Jones R.M. (Editors) : Plant Resources of South-East Asia N°4 . Forages. Pudoc Scientific Publishers, Wageningen. pp 226 - 228.

LIBER HERBARUM II by Erik Gotfredsen. < http://www.odont.au.dk/LibHerb2/index.htm > (Danish, English, German, Norwegian & Swedish).

Mabberley D.J. 1997, The Plant-Book : a Portable Dictionary of the Vascular Plants, 2d Edition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K.

Snowarski, M. 2007. Trifolium (koniczyna), Vascular plants of Poland . <  http://www.atlas-roslin.pl/gatunki/Trifolium.htm >.

USDA, ARS, 2000, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN). [Online Database] National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Available: www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxdump.pl?trifolium (20 January 2000). (A number of languages, some romanised, Latin with authority names)

Wiersema J. H. & León B. 1999, World Economic Plants : a Standard Reference. CRC Press LLC.

Contributors to this page (Personal communication) : Awaiting comments.

1. To identify further:

1.1. Trifolium 'Purpurascens Quadrifolium'

1.2. f. lodigense Gams (Ladino clover)

2. Is T. medium L. = T. medium Jacq. ? (not in ILDIS, not in W3TROPICOS, not in GRIN).

3. Due to different authorities attributing different names to some species over the decades, we are left with a few botanical names with ambiguous accuracy. This is reflected in the common names from different countries. See for example T. agrarium, T. alpestre, T. filiforme, T. formosum, T. medium, T. procumbens (starting from the top of this page). Comments on preferred botanical names and synonyms as well as vernacular names for each of those species are welcome (e-mail provided below).

Date created: 19 / 03 / 1997
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Last modified: 09 / 05 / 2007
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